The Origin of Species

Question 1

What is speciation?

Answer 1

The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution

Question 2

What does it mean to say that speciation forms a conceptual bridge between microevolution and macroevolution?

Answer 2

Speciation is a process; at what point do you classify just changes in the individuals to changes in the species as a whole

Question 3

What is a species according to the biological species concept?

Answer 3

You have two new species that cannot interbreed

Question 4

What exactly do we mean by reproductive isolation? How is it important to speciation?

Answer 4

They become geographically isolated; refers to the situation where different species may live in the same area but properties of individuals prevent them from interbreeding; you won’t get speciation without reproductive isolation

Question 5

What are prezygotic barriers leading to reproductive isolation?

Answer 5

You don’t get a zygote

Question 6

What are post zygotic barriers leading to reproductive isolation

Answer 6

You get a zygote but something interferes with that

Question 7

Prezygotic Barriers- Habitat Isolation

Answer 7

Geographic Isolation

Question 8

Prezygotic Barriers- Temporal Isolation

Answer 8

Different breeding times

Question 9

Prezygotic Barriers- Behavioral Isolation

Answer 9

Bird song; long call vs short call frog; certain mating dance

Question 10

Prezygotic Barries- Mechanical Isolation

Answer 10

Things have to line up properly for reproduction

Question 11

Prezygotic Barriers- Gametic Isolation

Answer 11

Chemical reasons sex cells are incompatible

Question 12

Postzygotic Barriers- Reduced Hybrid Viability

Answer 12

Doesn’t live very long; doesn’t develop properly; does’t live to reproductive age

Question 13

Postzygotic Barriers- Reduced Hybrid Fertility

Answer 13

Strong, live long time but sterile; no gene flow

Question 14

Postzygotic Barriers- Hybrid Breakdown

Answer 14

Fist group of hybrids can interbreed okay but in a short time they cannot

Question 15

What is the morphological species concept?

Answer 15

In same species if they look alike

Question 16

What is the ecological species concept?

Answer 16

species is a set of organisms adapted to a particular set of resources, called a niche, in the environment.

Question 17

What is the phylogenetic species concept?

Answer 17

Branching pattern of evolution; a species is a “tip” on a phylogeny, that is, the smallest set of organisms that share an ancestor and can be distinguished from other such sets

Question 18

What is allopatric speciation?

Answer 18

Happens in different areas

Question 19

What is Sympatric speciation?

Answer 19

Happens in the same area (sum same)

Question 20

What is autopolyploidy?

Answer 20

having more than two haploid sets of chromosomes that are derived from the same ancestral species