Mendel and the Gene Idea Flashcards
What was the blending hypothesis of heredity?
Thought the genetics of parents “blended together” in offspring
What is the particulate hypothesis of heredity?
Parents pass on discrete heritable units (genes)
Why did Mendel chose the garden pea as his experimental system?
Easy to control; how and cross with each other;
They come in pure breed - reproduce quickly with many generation developing quickly
What is meant by the term Character?
An observable heritable feature that
may vary among individuals. Seed shape, pod color, wrinkled or round, etc.
What is meant by the term trait?
One of two or more detectable variants in a
genetic character.
The actual trait in the character such as is the color yellow or green; is the shape round or wrinkled
What are true breeding plants?
They are always bred with their same character and trait
Law of segregation
Parents have 2 alleles and the offspring get one of each
What is a phenotype?
Organisms physical appearance.
What is a genotype
The actual gene that expresses the phenotype
What is homozygous
Having two
identical alleles for a given gene.
What is heterozygous
Having two different alleles for a given gene.
What is a monohybrid cross?
When you are just looking at one character that controls the variables; hetero times hetero
What is dependent assortment?
Alleles are on the same chromosome
What is independent assortment?
Alleles are not on the same chromosome
What is pleiotropy?
A single gene affects multiple characters
