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ESA3 - Head and Neck > The Oral Cavity > Flashcards

The Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 major functions of the oral cavity?

A

Digestion, communication, breathing

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2
Q

What are the two divisions of the oral cavity?

A

Vestibule and mouth cavity proper

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3
Q

What controls the diameter of the oral fissure?

A

Muscles of facial expression - mainly obilcularis oris

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4
Q

Where does the duct of the parotid gland open out into the vestibule?

A

Opposite the upper second molar tooth

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5
Q

What does the roof of the mouth proper consist of?

A

Hard and soft palates

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6
Q

What does the floor of the mouth proper consist of?

A

Muscular diphragm (bilateral mylohyoid muscles)

Geniohyoid muscles

Tongue

Salivary glands and ducts

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7
Q

What do the geniohyoid muscles do to the larynx during swallowing?

A

Pulls it forward

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8
Q

What do mylohyoid muscles do to the larynx during swallowing?

A

Pulls it forward

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9
Q

What muscle forms the cheeks?

A

Buccinator

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10
Q

What innervates the hard and soft palates?

A

Greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves (branches of CN Vb)

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11
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the floor of the oral cavity?

A

Lingual nerve (branch of mandibular branch of CN V)

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12
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the cheeks?

A

Buccal nerve (branch of mandibular division of CN V)

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13
Q

What provides motor innervation to the tongue?

A

Hypoglossal nerve (and vagus nerve for palatoglossus)

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14
Q

What provides taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Chorda tympani (CN VII)

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15
Q

What provides sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Trigeminal (V3)

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16
Q

What provides sensation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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17
Q

What provides taste to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

18
Q

What are the salivary glands?

A

Submandibular, parotid and sublingual

19
Q

What is the duct associated with the submandibular gland?

A

Wharton duct

20
Q

What is the duct associated with the parotid gland?

A

Stensen duct

21
Q

Where are most salivary gland stones located?

A

In submandibular glands

22
Q

What is sialolithiasis?

A

Salivary gland stones

23
Q

What can cause sialolithiasis (salivary gland stones)?

A

Dehydration, reduced salivary flow

24
Q

Which tonsils are most commonly affected in tonsillitis?

A

Palatine

25
Q

What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?

A

Base of skull to upper border of soft palate (C1-C2)

26
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

A

Soft palate to epiglottis (C2-C3)

27
Q

What are the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?

A

Oropharynx to oesophagus (C4-C6)

28
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

A muscular tube that connects the nasal cavities to the larynx and oesophagus

29
Q

Describe the innervation to the pharyngeal muscles

A

Mostly CN X apart from stylopharyngeus which is CN IX

30
Q

What are the two types of muscles that form the walls of the pharynx?

A

Longitudinal and circular

31
Q

What are the circular muscles of the pharynx?

A

Superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

32
Q

What do the circular muscles of the pharynx do?

A

Contract sequentially and constrict the lumen to propel a bolus inferiorly into the oesophagus

33
Q

What are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

A

Stylopharyngeus (CN IX), palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus (also opens eustachian tube)

34
Q

What do the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx do?

A

Shorten and widen the pharynx, and elevate the larynx during swallowing

35
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the nasopharynx?

A

Maxillary nerve (CN Vb)

36
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the oropharynx?

A

CN IX

37
Q

What supplies sensory innervation to the laryngopharynx?

A

CN X

38
Q

What is the arterial supply to the pharynx?

A

Branches of the ECA

39
Q

What does the oropharynx contain?

A

Posterior 1/3 of tongue, palatine tonsils, lingual tonsils and superior constrictor muscle

40
Q

Which lymph nodes become enlarged with tonsillitis?

A

Jugulo-digastric lymph nodes

41
Q

What two parts is the inferior pharyngeal constrictor split into?

A

Thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus (area between the two is a weak area in the mucosa)

ESA3 - Head and Neck (17 decks)

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