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History - Civil Rights - African Americans > The New Deal - The Alphabet Agencies > Flashcards

The New Deal - The Alphabet Agencies Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Agricultural Adjustment Act?

A

1933

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2
Q

What is the abbreviation of the Agricultural Adjustment Act?

A

AAA

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3
Q

What was the purpose of the AAA?

A

-used subsidies (government gives money towards it) to regulate (control/oversee) farm production

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4
Q

What were the issues with the AAA?

A

-disbanded after WW2->impact on rationing up to 1947->agriculture sidelined post 1945 as a result of globalisaton/ industrialisation

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5
Q

What was the impact on African Americans due to the AAA?

A

-less production on farms, meant fewer jobs available-> impacted mostly AA due to sharecropping
-200,000 sharecroppers were displaced and forced elsewhere for work. Forced to travel to towns for work at a time when jobs were scarce
-exposed them to more racism and discrimination

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6
Q

When was the Tennessee Valley Authority?

A

1933

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7
Q

What is the abbreviation of the Tennessee Valley Authority?

A

TVA

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8
Q

What was the purpose of the TVA?

A

-regional planning of a deprived area with, hydro-electricity production, environmental conservatism, flood control and educational and health projects
-involved the states of Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Kentucky

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9
Q

What were the issues with the TVA?

A

-still in operation though criticised for its unanticipated environmental impact

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10
Q

What was the impact on African Americans due to the TVA?

A

-racial segregation

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11
Q

When was the Civilian Conservation Corps?

A

1933

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12
Q

What is the abbreviation of the Civilian Conservation Corps??

A

CCC

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13
Q

What was the purpose of the CCC?

A

-provided work for young men aged 18-25 paying $30 a month, $25 had to be sent to their families
-they stayed in camps organised on military lines and worked on regional environmental projects such as national parks where they built trails, recreation facilities and access roads

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14
Q

What were the issues with the CCC?

A

-disbanded in 1942

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15
Q

What was the impact on African Americans due to the CCC?

A

-racial segregation

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16
Q

When was the Federal Housing Administration?

A

1934

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17
Q

What is the abbreviation of the Federal Housing Administration?

A

FHA

18
Q

What was the purpose of the FHA?

A

-Federal guarantees of private mortgages with reduced down payments from 30%-10% and extended repayment time from 20-30 years
-enabled more Americans to purchase their own homes

19
Q

Does the FHA still continue today?

A

yes

20
Q

What was the impact on African Americans due to the FHA?

A

-refusal to give mortgages for black families in traditionally white neighbourhoods

21
Q

When was the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?

A

1935

22
Q

What is the abbreviation of the Works Progress Administration?

A

WPA

23
Q

What was the purpose of the WPA?

A

-established work relief programmes funding a vast range of projects directed at different areas including the Federal Act Project (FAP)
-run by Harry Hopkins

24
Q

How long did the WPA run for and how many people did it employ using what?

A

-ran for 8 years
-employed 8.5 million people using local officials to administer the projects

25
Q

What was the impact on African Americans due to the WPA?

A

-blacks find it harder to get into new industries due to finding it harder to get higher wages that whites
-doesn’t consider colour
-1 million black Americans working for it by 1939

26
Q

When was the Wagner Act?

A

1935

27
Q

What’s another name for the Wagner Act?

A

-National Labour Relations Act

28
Q

What was the purpose of the Wagner Act?

A

-originally drafted with a provision prohibiting racial discrimination
-but the American Federation of Labour successfully lobbied against it, and it was dropped
-AFL unions used their new power, granted by the Wagner Act, to exclude blacks on a large scale

29
Q

Does the Wagner Act still continue today and what was it expanded into?

A

-continues today but was expanded in 2 other acts (Taft -Hartley Labour Act of 1947 and the Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959)

30
Q

What was the impact on African Americans due to the Wagner Act?

A

-the Wagner Act had the effect of excluding blacks, since the dominant unions discriminated against blacks
-harmed blacks by making labour union monopolies legal

31
Q

When was the Social Security Act?

A

1935

32
Q

What is the abbreviation of the Social Security Act?

A

SSA

33
Q

What was the purpose of the SSA?

A

-created guaranteed retirement payments for over 65s
-set up federal insurance for the unemployed
-provided additional assistance for the disabled
-for public health and for dependent women and children

34
Q

Does the SSA still continue today?

A

yes

35
Q

What was the impact on African Americans due to the SSA?

A

-indifferent to meeting the needs of black Americans, as in the exclusion of domestic workers (a major area of black female employment)

36
Q

When was the Fair Labour Standards Act?

A

1938

37
Q

What was the purpose of the Fair Labour Standards Act?

A

-set a minimum wage of 40 cents an hour and a maximum working week of 40 hours for businesses involved in interstate commerce and particularly for workers not in unions
-it raised the wages of 12 million workers by 1940
-the system was a model for the future
-it was opposed by Southern conservatives on the grounds of excessive government interference with business
-they also feared that Southern industry with it’s traditional low wage structure would lose its competitiveness

38
Q

What were the issues with the Fair Labour Standards Act?

A

-it gave the benefits for a shorter working week and a minimum hourly wage by statute rather than by union negotiation
-this was the last New Deal reform to become law

39
Q

When was the National Housing Act?

A

1938

40
Q

What was the purpose of the National Housing Act?

A

-established the United States Housing Authority and set up housing projects for low income families

41
Q

What were the issues with the National Housing Act?

A

-encouraged house building and home ownership but was also discriminatory against black Americans and inadvertently promoted suburban over inner-city housing

42
Q

What was the impact on African Americans due to the National Housing Act?

A

-Blacks were technically excluded due to the disallowing of them to build their own home or have a home of their own

History - Civil Rights - African Americans (31 decks)

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