The Nervous System

Question 0

Central nervous system

Answer 0

Consists of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is split into right and left hemispheres, which exhibit contralateral control and lateralization. The three major parts of the brain are the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain.

Question 1

Nervous system

Answer 1

Receives and transmits information.

Question 2

Hindbrain

Answer 2

The top part of the spinal cord; includes the medulla, pons, and cerebellum.

Question 3

Medulla

Answer 3

Controls basic biological functions, such as breathing, swallowing, and balance.

Question 4

Pons

Answer 4

Controls facial expressions, sleep, dreaming.

Question 5

Cerebellum

Answer 5

Controls fine motor movements.

Question 6

Midbrain

Answer 6

Coordinates basic movements with sensory information.

Question 7

Forebrain

Answer 7

Large in humans; includes the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures such as the thalamus, hypothalamus, and basal ganglia.

Question 8

Basal ganglia

Answer 8

Regulates muscle contractions and movements.

Question 9

Thalamus

Answer 9

Incorporates and relays sensory information to the cortex.

Question 10

Hypothalamus

Answer 10

Controls motivated behavior, such as eating, drinking, and sex.

Question 11

Hippocampus

Answer 11

Helps process and receive long term and spatial memory.

Question 12

Amygdala

Answer 12

Controls emotion and valuation of stimuli.

Question 13

Cerebral cortex

Answer 13

Receives sensory information and transmits motor information.

Question 14

Corpus callosum

Answer 14

A nerve tracts beneath the cortex that connects the two hemispheres of the brain and allows them to communicate.

Question 15

Occipital lobe

Answer 15

Processes vision.

Question 16

Temporal lobe

Answer 16

Processes sound.

Question 17

Parietal lobe

Answer 17

An area of the cortex located directly behind the frontal lobe. It’s functions include: processing sensory information from body parts, which includes touching, locating positions of limbs, and feeling temperature and pain; and carry out several cognitive functions, such as attending to and perceiving objects.

Question 18

Frontal lobe

Answer 18

Control speech, learning, thinking, decision-making, and abstract thought.

Question 19

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 19

Includes all nerves that spread through the body from the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system has two divisions.

Question 20

Somatic division

Answer 20

Controls voluntary muscle movements and sense organs.

Question 21

Autonomic division

Answer 21

Controls involuntary actions and the internal organs; divided into two parts.

Question 22

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 22

Gets the body ready for emergency action.

Question 23

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 23

Becomes active during states of relaxation.

Question 24

Limbic system

Answer 24

Refers to a group of about half a dozen interconnected structures that make up the core of the forebrain. Lindeke system structures are involved with many motivational behavior such as obtaining food, drink, and sex; with organizing emotional behaviors such as fear, anger, and aggression; and with storing of memories.

Made up of the amygdala, hypothalamus, thalamus, and Hippocampus.