Module 9

Question 0

Gross motor development

Answer 0

Large muscle development.

Question 1

Infancy and childhood

Answer 1

Infancy and childhood span from birth to teenage years. During these years, the individual grows physically, cognitively, and socially.

Question 2

Fine motor development

Answer 2

Small muscle development.

Question 3

Cognitive development

Answer 3

Piaget believed that the driving force behind intellectual development is our biological development of mixed experiences with the environment. Our cognitive development is shipped by errors we make.

Question 4

Schemas

Answer 4

Schemas are mental mold into which we pour our experiences.

Question 5

Assimilation

Answer 5

Involves incorporating new experiences into our current understanding or schema.

Question 6

Accommodation

Answer 6

The process of adjusting a schema and modifying it.

Question 7

Cognitive development

Answer 7

The ways in which a child thinking and reasoning change and grow.

Question 8

Sensorimotor stage

Answer 8

Experiencing the world through senses and actions like looking touching mouthing and grasping.

Question 9

Preoperational stage

Answer 9

Representing things with words and images; use intuitive rather than logical reasoning.

Question 10

Concrete operational stage

Answer 10

Thinking logically about concrete events; grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetical operations.

Question 11

Formal operational stage

Answer 11

Abstract reasoning becomes apparent.

Question 12

Object permanence

Answer 12

Objects that are out of sight are also out of mind.

Question 13

Egocentrism

Answer 13

The inability of the preoperational child to take another’s point of view.

Question 14

Conservation

Answer 14

The principle of the property such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects.

Question 15

Reflecting on Piaget’s theory

Answer 15

Development is a continuous process. Children express their mental abilities and operations at early ages. Formal logic is a smaller part of cognition.

Question 16

Social development

Answer 16

Development of a person’s behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons and their social context.

Question 17

Stranger anxiety

Answer 17

Fear of strangers and develops around eight months. This is the age at which infants form schemas for familiar faces and cannot assimilate a new face.

Question 18

Insecure attachment

Answer 18

Harlow studies show that monkeys experience great anxiety if there terrycloth mother was removed.

Question 19

Secure attachment

Answer 19

They explore their environment happily in the presence of their mothers. When mother leaves they show distress.

Question 20

Self-concept

Answer 20

A sense of one’s identity and personal worth emerges gradually around six months.

Question 21

Authoritarian

Answer 21

Parents impose rules and expect obedience. Corporal punishment and spanking are present.

Question 22

Permissive

Answer 22

Submit to children’s desires, make few demands, anduse little punishment. Parent is Friend to child rather than limit setter.

Question 23

Authoritative or Democratic

Answer 23

Both demanding and responsive, parents are in rolls of authority but not dictator. Parents set rules, but explain reasons and encourage open discussion and input.