The Nephron- Renal corpuscle Flashcards
What are the two structural components of the nephron?
The renal corpuscle and the renal tubule
What are the three functions of the kidney?
Filtration, reabsorption, secretion
There are ____ nephrons located both in the renal ______ and the renal _______
1.25 million
cortex
medulla
Describe a cortical nephron
85% Nephron tubules only go a short way into the pyramid, the glomerulus goes further
Describe a juxtamedullary nephron
15% These tubules are very long, usually extending to the apex of the pyramid
Where are glomeruli?
In cortex, are closer to the base of the pyramid
What two parts make the renal corpuscle?
The glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule
What does the glomerulus look like?
A “tuft” of fenestrated capillaries, like a ball of yarn
In the glomerulus:
An _______ arteriole brings blood in, ______ in diameter
An _______ arteriole drains blood out- _______ in diameter
Afferent/ larger
Efferent/smaller
Bowman’s capsule is also called the “…” What’s it’s function?
Glomerular capsule
Surrounds the glomerulus to “catch” the filtrate
A collecting area for filtrate being filtered from the glomerulus
What epitheliums make up Bowman’s capsule?
Made up of a visceral and parietal epithelium
What makes up the visceral epithelium of Bowman’s capsule? What does it do?
podocytes, that cover the capillary
What makes up the parietal epithelium of Bowman’s capsule?
Simpel squamous epithelium
Where is the filtration membrane located?
In Bowman’s glad
What does the filtration membrane do?
This is non-selective filtering, it only filters by size
What are the three parts of the filtration membrane?
1- Pores of the fenestrated capillary
2- Basement membrane
3- Filtration slit- A space between interdigitating pedicels
What is a pedicel? What does it come off?
Pedicels come off the foot processes of podocytes, like interlaced fingers
What passes through the filtration membrane?
Water, waste, sodium, dissolved solutes, and glucose pass through
What doesn’t pass through the filtration membrane?
RBCs, WBCs, and loose proteins like albumins and transporters do not pass
How much blood is filtered in 40 minutes? In a while day?
40 min- Total Blood Volume
1 day- 180L
Because the efferent arteriole is narrower in diameter than the afferent arteriole, blood in the glomerular capillaries is under ________ and ______ takes place
Pressure
Filtration
Liquid and solutes are forced through the _______ ______, _______ _________, and _______ _______, and ends up inside the capsular space.
capillary pores
basement membrane
filtration slits
