Liver anatomy Flashcards
How much does the liver weight?
About 3 lbs
What % of the liver is needed for survival? How much of it can regenerate?
25%
Back to it’s original size
The liver has _______ and _______ functions
Digestive
Metabolic
Describe the capsule of the liver.
Has a capsule- of dense irregular CT
“Bare area” where liver is directly attached to diaphragm, rest covered in visceral peritoneum
What are the 4 lobes of the liver?
Right, Left, Caudate, Quadrate
Where is the liver?
Lies beneath the diaphragm- most of the liver is on the right side
What happens if the liver distends past the inferior border of the ribcage?
If it extends below ribcage, is enlarged, and something is wrong
On the anterior aspect, which lobes are visible and what separates them?
Right and Left
Falciform ligament
On what views is the gallbladder visible?
Both anterior and posterior
What lies on the posterior aspect of the liver?
Porta hepatis Portal triad Gallbladder Caudate lobe Quadrate lobe
What is the porta hepatis?
“Gateway to liver”- Area where blood/bile/lymph vessels enter/exit
What is the portal triad? What does it carry in what %s?
Vessels carrying different substances run next to each other
1- Hepatic artery (from celiac trunk) 25% of blood ↑ O2
2- Hepatic portal vein- 75% of blood ↓ O2 and nutrients
3- Bile duct- Takes bile to gallbladder to store, or to small intestine
The ______ ______ _______ lies in a deep sulcus in the liver.
Inferior vena cava
What is a liver cell called? What kind of border does it have
Hepatocyte
Brush border
What is a Kupffer cell?
A fixed macrophage inside liver sinusoids
What lines the sinusoids of the liver?
Hepatocytes
Why don’t the cells of the liver have basement membranes?
The liver makes many substances which move into blood
What is the anatomical and physiological unit of the liver?
The lobule
Describe a liver lobule. How many are there?
Lobules are irregular, branching, interconnecting plates of cells
About 100,000 liver lobules, are sesame seed sized (2mmx1mm)
Blood from the______ _____ _____ and _____ _____ mix as it travels through sinusoids towards central veins.
hepatic portal vein
hepatic artery
In the sinusoid hepatocyte area, ___ used by hepatocytes and___________ are stored or used to make new materials
O2
Nutrients
What does the liver do with poisons?
detoxified or stored, or secreted with bile
What do Kupffer cells do?
phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, worn-out RBCs
New theory- they store iron and lipids
Where are products of hepatocytes secreted?
secreted back into sinusoid
eg clotting factors, albumins, txp proteins
** Bile goes into bile ducts
What produces bile?
Hepatocytes
What is a bile canaliculi?
The smallest bile duct between back to back layers of hepatocytes, within each plate of hepatocytes
