Enterohepatic circulation Flashcards
What is enterohepatic circulation?
Compounds that are secreted, absorbed, and re-secreted between the liver and the small intestine
What are two examples of enterohepatic circulation?
bilirubin, but 80% of bile salts also surrounded by micelle
What is bilirubin?
Breakdown product from heme
How does bilirubin become water-soluble?
Bilirubin is conugated with gluconic acid
Bacteria in gut change conjugated bilirubin into this
Urobilinogen
What gives the brown color to feces?
Stercobilin
What is jaundice?
What causes it?
Yellow staining of tissues, by blocked bile ducts or liver disease
Free bilirubin is not water-soluble. The liver _______ it.
conjugates
Can the kidneys excrete bilirubin?
No, it must be changed to Urobilinogen
Conjugated bilirubin goes in the ____, into the small intestine
bile
Where and how is bilirubin changed to urobilinogen?
By bacteria in the small intestine
About __% of urobilinogen stays in the blood through the liver
80%
What gives urine its amber color?
Urobilinogen
Some urobilinogen goes back into bile and is sent back to the _______, this is changed to _______, which gives brown color to feces
intestine
stercobilin
Without bile, what do feces look like?
feces are grey/white with fatty streaks
What is pancreatitis?
Inflammation of pancreas
What results when various safeguards against self-digestion are insufficient?
Pancreatitis
What is caused by reflux of pancreatic juice and bile and chyme from duodenum back into the pancreatic ducts?
Pancreatitis
What is cirrhoris?
Large number of liver lobules are destroyed and replaced with permanent C.T.
What are the most potent stimulators of gastrin, and acid secretion?
Tryptophan and Phenylalanine
People with _____ _____ must avoid foods that strongly stimulate acid secretions
Eg: Milk, cola, beer, coffee, tea, and wine
Peptic ulcers
What is gangrene?
Tissue necrosis resulting from an insufficient blood supply
