Repro Overview and Male I Flashcards
What is the gonad?
Glands that produce gametes and hormones (exocrine and endocrine portions)
What is the female gonad? What are it’s endocrine and exocrine functions?
Ovary- Female
Exocrine: Produces egg
Endocrine: Estrogen, progesterone, inhibin, relaxin
What is the male gonad? What are it’s endocrine and exocrine functions?
Testes- Male
Exocrine: Produces sperm
Endocrine: Testosterone
In general, what do the reproductive duct systems do?
Receives, stores,and transports gametes
What is the female reproductive duct system?
Fallopian tube
What is the male reproductive duct system?
Ductus epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct (urethra)
What do accessory sex glands do?
Produce substances that support gametes
What are the female accessory sex glands?
Greater and lesser vestibular glands, paraurethral glands
What are the male accessory sex glands?
Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands
Male and female sex glands are _________, they derive from the same embryonic structure.
homologous
What are the male external genitalia?
The penis and scrotum
What is the perineum? What are its margins?
a diamond shaped area between the thighs
Bounded by pubic symphysis to coccyx, between ischial tuberosities
The scrotum is a sac of skin and superficial ____ that hangs outside the __________ cavity
fascia
abdominopelvic
What divides the scrotum?
What is the scout’s temperature and why?
median septum
Is 2-3 degrees lower than body temp, best for producing sperm
What 3 mechanisms regulate the temperature of the scrotum?
Dartos muscle
Cremaster muscle
Pampiniform plexus
What kind of muscle is the dartos?
Subcutanous layer of smooth muscle
What does the dartos muscle do? Why?
Contracts when it’s cold
Creates wrinkling of the skin of the scrotum when it contracts: ↓surface area→ ↓ heat loss
What is the cremaster muscle an extension of? What kind of muscle is it?
Small bands of internal abdominal oblique muscle surround testes; skeletal muscle
What does the cremaster muscle do?
When it’s cold out, the cremaster contracts and draws scrotum closer to the body
Opposite happens when it’s warm
Which muscle “suspends” the scrotum?
Cremaster
What does the pampiniform plexus do?
The countercurrent heat exchanger
An extensive network of veins that surround the testicular artery
What does GnRH do?
From hypothalamus- stimulates release of FSH and LH from ant. pituatary
What does FSH do?
Initiates spermatogenesis by stimulating the Sertoli cells to secrete ABP which binds testosterone and accumulates it in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules- near sperm
What does LH do?
Stimulates Leydig cells to produce and secrete testosterone
What does inhibin do?
Regulates the production of sperm (high vs low count) from Sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules
What there things do testosterone and other androgens do?
1- Stimulate male pattern of development
2- Develops secondary sex characteristics
3- Sexual functions a- spermatogenesis`, b- male sexual behavior
