The Lymphatic System Flashcards
lymph/o
lymph fluid
lymphaden/o
lymph node (gland)
lymphangi/o
lymph vessel
splen/o
spleen
thym/o
thymus
myel/o
bone marrow
aden/o
gland
primary tissue
what - sites where B and T lymphocytes are produced and mature
B - bone marrow
T - thymus
secondary tissue
what - sites where lymphocytes interact and filter extracellular waste e.g. lymph, tissue fluid, blood
lymph nodes spleen tonsil adenoids peyer's patches
fluid components
lymph = clear liquid akin to plasma, carries waste, filters debris from system
plasma = in blood
tissue fluid = surrounding tissues
lymph = within lymph vessels
function #1
collect excess tissue fluid from the fluid around cells (extracellular fluid) and return it to the circulatory system
lymph capillaries - structure to function
thin single epithelial cell wall -> tissue fluid easily pass into system
overlapping epithelial cells -> gap -> fluid can move in but prevent backflow
interlaced with arterioles/venules/capillary beds -> easily access cells to collect excess waste
closed at one end -> terminals
lymph vessels - structure to function
valves -> prevent backflow
larger than capillaries -> carries lymph from capillaries to ducts
thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct
thoracic - drain lymph from legs, abdominopelvic, left half of thorax, head, neck, left arm
right lymphatic - right half of thorax, head, neck, right arm
how does lymph fluid move?
muscle pump effect - skeletal muscles contract and relax causing milking action that moves lymph
valves prevent back flow
smooth muscle lining vessel walls contract
function #2
immune response:
produce + mature lymphocytes -> specific immunity
filter for and destroy foreign particles
bone marrow -> structure + function
structure - inside of spongy bone
function - create B/T lymphocytes, mature B lymphocytes
thymus gland -> structure + function
structure - found just above heart
function - develop/mature T lymphocytes
lymph nodes -> structure + function
structure - small clustered lumps of specialised tissue, contain lymphocytes/phagocytes/NK cells
function - filter lymph fluid, remove foreign particles and break down, sample tissue for non-self antigen to create an immune response
spleen -> structure + function
structure - found in left hypochondriac region of abdomen
function - filter blood by removing viruses, bacteria + other foreign particles
MALT
mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
found within genitourinary/respiratory/gastrointestinal tracts -> open to external environment
do not filter lymph = tonsils/peyer’s patches
tonsils -> structure + function
structure - found in mouth and throat
function - destroy inhaled antigens/pathogens
peyer’s patches -> structure + function
structure - found in small intestine
function - destroy ingested/swallowed antigens/pathogens
function #3
absorbs fat from the digestive system and transports it to the circulatory system
lacteal -> structure + function
structure - specialised lymphatic capillary found in villi of the small intestine
function - absorb digested fat/lipids from the small intestine
absorption of fats
eaten and digested -> small intestine > absorbed > lacteal > thoracic duct -> blood
maintaining a healthy lymphatic system
drinking water = decreased viscosity
regular exercise = increased circulation
healthy diet = decreased artery narrowing
massage = milking action = increased circulation
manual lymph drainage therapy
