The Liver Flashcards
Which part of the liver contains the renal impression of the right kidney?
Caudate process of the caudate lobe.
What are the liver lobes in the dog and the pig?
Liver lobes in the dog and pig:
1. Left lobe (medial/lateral lobes)
2. Right lobe (medial/lateral lobes)
3. Quadrate lobe (between the left & right lobes)
4. Caudate lobe
Pigs just don’t have a papillary process.
Which cell is the functional cell of the liver?
Hepatocytes.
What is the structure of the liver lobule?
3-dimensional, hexagonal structure.
Consists of cords of hepatic cells (hepatocytes) radiating out from a central vein.
What are the structures found in the portal triad?
Branch of the portal vein
Branch of the hepatic artery
Bile ductule
Lymphatic
What kind of epithelium is found in the bile ductule?
Simple cuboidal epithelium to stratified columnar.
What is the path of bile flow from canaliculi to gallbladder (periphery to center or center to periphery?)
Center to periphery.
Which side of the body (right or left) is the gallbladder located? Which liver lobes are found on either side of the gallbladder?
Gall bladder is on the RIGHT side.
Located between the quadrate and right medial liver lobes.
Which species of animal do not have a gallbladder?
Horses and rats.
What is the function of bile?
Function to digest fats and lipids.
Definition: liquid secretion of the liver cells into the duct system of the liver.
What is the functional cell of the exocrine pancreas?
Acinar cells.
What is zymogen?
Precursor forms of digestive enzymes. Stored in vesicles derived from the golgi apparatus.
Held until there is a signal to release them via exocytosis.
Where does the pancreatic duct join the intestinal tract?
Major duodenal papilla.
What is the the function/structure of the hepatocytes?
Function: Synthesizes proteins and lipids for export. Can also store lipid and glycogen.
Structure: Fairly uniform in size, cuboidal, and can have more than 1 nucleus.
What is the function/structure of the kupffer cells?
Function: Phagocytic. Ingest particulate matter that passes through the sinusoids (especially bacterial and old RBC).
Structure: Same structure as a macrophage.
What is the function/structure of Canaliculi?
Function: Small tubes which collect bile from the hepatocytes.
Structure: Small tubes
What is the function/structure of the Space of Disse?
Function: Where exchange between hepatocytes and blood flow takes place.
Collects lymph for delivery to lymphatic capillaries. Contains fat storage cells.
Structure: Space between hepatocyte and sinusoid
Which branch of the abdominal aorta supplies the liver and pancreas?
Celiac artery.
What are the differences between portal circulation and caval circulation?
Caval circulation: arteries → capillaries → veins → vena cava → heart
Portal circulation: arteries → capillaries → veins → portal vein → hepatic sinusoids → vena cava → heart
Which 3 veins supply blood to the portal vein?
Cranial mesenteric vein
Caudal mesenteric vein
Splenic vein
Which cells make bile?
Liver cells (hepatocytes)
Know the relationship between the common hepatic duct, the cystic duct, the common bile duct, and the pancreatic duct.
Common hepatic ducts:
Leave porta to join with cystic duct
Cystic duct:
Connects gall bladder with hepatic ducts
Cystic duct + hepatic duct = common bile duct
Common bile duct:
Junction of hepatic duct and cystic duct
Joins with pancreatic duct
Refer to diagram also.
Form and function of exocrine pancreas?
Form: Acinar cells are arranged into blind ended acini. Cells have a basophilic basal region and an eosiphilic apical region.
Function: Digestive enzymes are secreted into a duct system to the small intestine.
Form and function of endocrine pancreas?
Form: ???
Function: Digestive enzymes enter blood directly.
