The Kidneys And The Excretory System - Part 1 (T2)

Question 0

What are the primary sites for excretion on a plant known as?

Answer 0

The stomata (singular: stoma)

Question 1

Describe excretion…

Answer 1

• excretion is the removal of toxic waste substance from the organism
• the waste products removed by excretion are those which are the result of metabolic reactions

Question 2

Briefly describe homeostasis…

Answer 2

The process of keeping the conditions inside the human body relatively constant, despite the many changes that constantly occur inside and outside the body

Question 3

The kidneys are one of the major organs which play a key role in homeostasis and excretion. Elaborate…

Answer 3

• the kidneys filter the blood
• remove any unwanted substances
• control the concentration of of water and solutes in the blood as well as in other body fluids

Question 4

Along with the kidneys, what organs play main roles in the excretory systems and how?

Answer 4

• the lungs remove carbon dioxide
• the skin removes urea as part of sweat

Question 5

Briefly breakdown the functions of of the kidneys in the urinary system…

Answer 5

• each kidney is supplied with oxygenated blood and nutrients via a renal artery
• the renal artery branches from the aorta, so blood enters the kidneys at high pressure
• the blood is filtered in each kidney before passing out via a renal vein to the inferior vena cava
• blood vessels take the blood through the kidneys where the waste products are removed into convoluted tubules
• these tubules join together to form the ureter
• urine then passes out of the ureter and into the bladder where it is stored

Question 6

Describe how the bladder works in the urinary system…

Answer 6

• from the bladder is a tube which runs outside of the body called the urethra
• the walls of the urethra container two ring like muscles called sphincters
• these contract to close the urethra and hold back the urine
• the lower sphincter muscle is controlled consciously
• the upper sphincter muscle is involuntary and automatically relaxes when the bladder is full

Question 7

What are the ureters?

Answer 7

Tubes leading from the kidneys to the bladder for urine to pass down

Question 8

What is the urinary system designed to do?

Answer 8

The urinary system is designed to remove waste products like urea, as well as excess ions and water from our blood