DNA EXAM PT. 1 Flashcards
Describe the structure of DNA
DNA forms a double helix in long chains found within the nucleus of each cell
The contents provide information (code) for every single detail possessed by an organism
If there is a health problem contained within DNA, what does this mean?
It is something that can never be really cured and could be passed on from generation to generation
DNA is found in pairs. How many pairs are found in humans?
There are 23 pairs in humans making up 46 chains in all
Each of the 23 pairs of DNA is called a…
Chromosome
Each chromosome is made up of two identical…..
Chromatids
Each identical chromatid is connected by a …….
Centromere
What are the four base pairs of DNA and how do they pair up?
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
A-T
G-C
At its most basic DNA is a polymer (long chain) of sub-units called NUCLEOTIDES. What are these nucleotides made up of?
A phosphate, a sugar (deoxyribose) and a base.
The phosphate and sugar are always the same and bond together to form the sugar-phosphate backbone.
The base unit, however, can differ.
What is stored within the base units of DNA?
The information for all the proteins and characteristics within a person.
What is junk DNA?
DNA in which the base pairs seem to serve no purpose, or perhaps the purpose has yet to be figured out.
Each sugar molecule in the DNA strand binds to one…
Nucleotide base
Each nucleotide base in one DNA strand will cross-link to form the double helix structure with a nucleotide base from the other DNA strand, via…
Hydrogen bonds
What does DNA and RNA stand for?
DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA: ribonucleic acid
