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The Federalist Era Flashcards

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0
Q

what did the Judiciary act of 1789 establish

A

it established a federal court system with 13 district courts and three circuit courts to serve the nation

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1
Q

what three departments did Congress establish in the executive branch of government

A

the State department, the department of Treasury, and the department of War.

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2
Q

what is the purpose of the bill of rights?

A

to protect the rights of individual liberity, and the rights of persons accused of crimes

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3
Q

what are precedents

A

traditions

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4
Q

when was GW sworn into office

who was the VP

A

April 30th, 1789

John Adams

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5
Q

what precedents did GW make

A 
Inaugural adress
serving 2 terms
foreign policy of neutrality
"Mr. President"
Swearing upon the Bible
the Cabinet
Wore regular clothes
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6
Q

who was the head of the state department (foreign affairs)

A

thomas Jefferson

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7
Q

department of treasury

A

Alexander Hamilton

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8
Q

Department of defense (military)

A

Henry Knox

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9
Q

Attorney General

A

Edmund Randolph

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10
Q

what right does the president have

A

they can dismiss the cabinet

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11
Q

who was the Supreme Court Justice

A

John Jay

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12
Q

what was Hamilton’s plan concerning debts

A

all debts accrued by the confederation government and revolutionary war should b paid back to citizens and foreign countries

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13
Q

why would gov. not pay back the citizens?

A

war bonds bought were sold to speculators because the buyer did not receive money after war

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14
Q

What three departments did Congress establish in the executive branch of the government

A

State department
department of the treasury
department of war

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15
Q

What did the Judiciary Act of 1789 establish?

A

a federal court system with 13 district courts and three circuit courts to serve the nation.

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights?

A

to protect the rights of individual liberty, and the rights of persons accused of crimes.

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17
Q

What was Alexander Hamilton’s plan “for the adequate support of public credit”?

A

To pay off the debts owed by the government to other countries and to American citizens

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18
Q

What is a bond?

A

a paper note promising to repay the money in a certain length of time.

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19
Q

What did Hamilton promise Southern leaders in order to gain their support for his plan to pay off state debts?

A

Hamilton promised to make a new capital in the South

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20
Q

What were two reasons for Jefferson and Madison’s opposition to a national bank?

A

They opposed it because they thought it would favor the wealthy and they thought a bank was unconstitutional.

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21
Q

An armed protest called the ______ _______ involved violent attacks on government officials and destruction of property

A

the Whiskey Rebellion

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22
Q

Although Washington signed treaties with the __________ _________ fighting broke out between them and settlers in the West

A

Native Americans

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23
Q

General ________ ________ gained a decisive victory over Native Americans in 1794 at the battle of ________ _________.

A

General Anthony Wayne

battle of Fallen Timbers

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24
Q

As a result, the United States acquired most of the land in present day Ohio in the Treaty of __________.

A

the Treaty of Greenville

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25
Q

European nations also challenged the United States in maintaining its _________.

A

neutrality

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26
Q

Americans were particularly angered by the British practice of _______ in which American sailors were forced into the British navy.

A

impressment

27
Q

This practice was not addressed in _________ treaty, which did result in British withdrawal from American soil.

A

Jay’s Treaty

28
Q

Differences with Spain were settled in 1795 with __________ Treaty, giving Americans free navigation of the __________ River and the right to trade at ___________.

A

Pickney’s Treaty
Mississippi River
New Orleans

29
Q

Hammy also proposed a _________ _________ on imports to help grow American industry

A

tariff-tax

30
Q

Low tariffs passed to help do what?

A

raise money

31
Q

a variety of what helped pay off debts

A

a variety of national taxes to help pay off debts

32
Q

What happened in the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

armed protests broke out in 1794

33
Q

In the Whiskey Rebellion, who sent forces to dissipate rebellion - New gov use force to maintain peace?

A

GW

34
Q

Who is Little Turtle?

A

The chief of Miami people. He defeated our troops-600 troops died.

35
Q

What happened at the Battle of Fallen Timbers?

A

GW’s army defeated 1,000+ Native Americans

36
Q

What was the result of the battle of fallen timbers

A

Treaty of Greenville-the Native Americans agreed to give up most of Ohio

37
Q

GW wanted America to remain neutral - the french asked for help. the french sent ambassador _____ ______ to convince washington.

A

Ambassador Edmond Genet

38
Q

the British attacked American ______ that traded with the French

A

American Ships

39
Q

They kidnapped our sailors and forced them into the ________ ________

A

British Navy

40
Q

Who traveled to Britain and negotiated peace?

A

John Jay

41
Q

Jay’s treaty was largely for ________ and didn’t address _________ or trade restriction

A

was largely for Peace

didn’t address impressment or trade restriction

42
Q

Who was sent to Spain to work on relationships?

A

Thomas inckney

43
Q

What did Pinckney’s treaty give the U.S.

A

Pinckney’s treaty gave the US free navigation of the Mississippi and right to trade in New Orleans

44
Q

Washington’s farewell

GW decided not to seek a ______ term

A

decided not to seek a 3rd term

45
Q

Once GW decided not to seek a 3rd term, what was his advice?

A

attacked practice & idea of political parties
supported neutrality
supported friendship with all nations

46
Q

What did Hamilton and Jefferson disagree on

A

Economic policies,interpretations of the constitution, foreign relations, and the power of federal government

47
Q

Who were Federalists

A

People who supported the policies of George Washington
they supported a strong federal government
favor Britain over France
Banking and shipping interests
New England and plantation owners were supporters

48
Q

Who are Democratic Republicans

A

They agreed with Jefferson and Madison
they wanted to limit the power of the government
they supported the French
Middle Atlantic and southern supporters And small farmers and urban workers were the supporters

49
Q

What was the difference between Federalists and Republicans

A

Federalists. Republicans
Hamilton. Jefferson
Central gov led by wealthy. State gov led by public
Emphasis on manufacturing shipping trading. Emphasis on agriculture
Loose interpretation. Strict interpretation
National bank.
Protective tariffs
British. French

50
Q

What did Hamilton believe about the constitution

A

Federal gov had implied powers

Used idea to create national bank

51
Q

What did Jefferson and madison believe about the constitution

A

Strict interpretation

Implied powers were for absolutely necessary things

52
Q

Implied powers

A

Powers not expressly forbidden in constitution or given

53
Q

Federalists

A

Elected officials ruled in the people’s name

Public offices held by educated property owners

54
Q

Republicans

A

Feared a strong central government ruled by a few

Democracy safe in hands of ordinary people

55
Q

Caucuses

A

Meeting where political parties nominate candidates for political office

56
Q

Federalists running in the election of 1796

A

Adams and Pinckney

57
Q

Republicans running in the election of 1796

A

Jefferson and Barr

58
Q

Result?

A

Adams and Jefferson

59
Q

John Adams

A 
Patriot
President
Congressional delegate
2 term VP
Ambassador for France and GB
60
Q

Why did france hate us

A

Jays treaty seen as favoritism

French began to seize american ships on route to GB

61
Q

What did Adams do

A

Sent a delegation to Paris
Charles de Talleyrand (foreign minister) refused to meet but sent three agents to bribe them and ask for a loan to stop fighting
Adams furious called it the XYZ affair

62
Q

Alien and sedition acts

A

Public anger rose over France
Us became suspicious of aliens
Federalists came up with strict laws for protection

63
Q

Aliens

A

Foreigners

64
Q

Sedition

A

Activities aimed at weakening the established government

65
Q

What are the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions?

A

@Drafted by Jefferson and Madison these documents claimed that the Acts violated the Constitution
@Called for states to nullify-legally overturn-federal laws that were on unconstitutional
@supported the principal idea of states rights
@States rights – powers of the federal gov should be limited to those expressly given in the Constitution and all else should be up to the states

66
Q

Describe Adams as president

A

In 1800, France agreed to a peace treaty

Adams decided not to go to war–enemies in own party

First to live in the White House
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history (16 decks)

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