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Chapter 11 Flashcards

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0
Q

Who were the candidates for election in the election of 1824?

A
  • John Quincy Adams
  • William H Crawford
  • Andrew Jackson
  • Henry Clay
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1
Q

What do you know about the election of 1824?

A
  • from 1816-1824 - one major political party
  • in 1824, Monroe declined to run for 3rd term
  • 4 different candidates decided to run (all had differing viewpoints)
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2
Q

What do you know about John Quincy Adams?

A
  • Son of John Adams

- popular w/merchants in NE

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3
Q

What do you know about Andrew Jackson?

A
  • hero of war of 1812
  • born into poverty
  • claimed to represent average americans
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4
Q

What do you know about Henry Clay?

A
  • speaker of the house

- leader of War Hawks

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5
Q

Who won the election?

A

Jackson - he received most of the votes - no majority

-he ran w/ Calhoun against Adams and won

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6
Q

What is the “corrupt bargain”?

A
  • Henry Clay met w/John Quincy Adams and set up a plan
  • proposed to use his influence to ensure Jackson would not be elected
  • Clay would be secretary of state
  • Adams won and Clay became secretary of state
  • THIS WAS NEVER PROVEN
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7
Q

What do you know about the Adams Presidency?

A
  • worked to make his mark
  • set forth legislation for improving roads and waterways
  • also he requested funds for a Nat University and set up astronomical observatories and other scientific research
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8
Q

How did people feel about the Adams presidency?

A

-the plan enraged many
-most wanted to limit power
-Adams wanted to expand power
congress approved the money for roads, rivers & harbors but nothing else

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9
Q

What is plurity?

A

the largest share but not the majority

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10
Q

By 1828 the republicans split into what two groups?

A
  • democratic republicans

- national republicans

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11
Q

Who were the democratic republicans?

A

Jackson

  • small government
  • more states rights
  • supporters were immigrants, fronter, city workers
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12
Q

Who were the National republicans?

A

Adams

  • central government
  • government projects
  • supporters: merhants, farmers
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13
Q

What did people think about John Quincy Adams?

A
  • elitist who didn’t care about the common man
  • accused -government funds (billard?)
  • refused to attend inauguration
  • joined in the mudslinging
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14
Q

what is mudslinging?

A

insults in politics

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15
Q

What did people think about Jackson?

A

-bad temper and violence
-accused of murdering 6 men
accused of stealing another man’s wife
-refused to meet with Adams

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16
Q

What is propaganda?

A
  • campaign slogans
  • rallies
  • buttons
  • events like barbecues
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17
Q

What happened at Jackson’s inauguration?

A
  • thousands of “common folk” came to hear his speech
  • crowd went to White House - trashed
  • everyone was able to shake his hand
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18
Q

What is Old Hickory?

A
  • given to Jackson
  • grew up in a log cabin
  • tough, hickory stick
  • relatable guy
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19
Q

By 1828 how many states out of 24 allowed the people to choose presidential electors rather than state electors.

A

22 out or 24

20
Q

What is the spoils system?

A

Jackson fired many of the federal workers and replaced them with his supporters.
the practice of replacing government employees w/the winner
supporters.

21
Q

what is the electoral system?

A
  • caucus system - candidates were chosen by members of congress
  • they established nominating convention delegates to from states choose the party’s presidential candidate
  • allowed more people to be involved in the choses.
22
Q

What is a tariff and who liked them?

A

a fee paid on imported goods
the North liked tariffs-encouraged americans to buy their goods
south didn’t like tariffs

23
Q

what did Calhoun and Jackson say about tariffs?

A

Calhoun: argued that states have the right to nullify a federal law that hurts that state since states created the federal gov
Jackson: country should remain united

24
Q

What did South Carolina do about tariffs?

A

SC passed the Nullification which said it would not pay the “illegal” tariffs of 1828 and 1832

25
Q

What was the bill that Jackson proposed regarding tariffs?

A

Jackson proposed a ill that gradually reduced the tariffs cost and had congress pass the “force bill” which gave him the power to use the military to enforce the acts of Congress.

26
Q

What was the conflict over land?

A

We expanded into Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Chicksaw & Choctaw

  • had advanced farming societies
  • land was Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida
27
Q

Why moving?

A
  • land west of the Mississippi was dry and seemed unsuitable for farming
  • asked to relocate NA
28
Q

What was Jackson’s view regarding the NA

A
  • supported the removal of NA

- promised it in the Inaugural Adress

29
Q

What was the Indian Removal Act?

A
  • in 1830 Jackson pushed the IRA through congress
  • act allowed the federal gov to pay the NA to move west
  • most NA said it felt forced to agree to the treaty terms
30
Q

What did congress do in 1834 for the NA?

A

-created the IndianTerritory (Oklahoma) as a reserve

31
Q

What did the Cherokee do when congress created the Indian Territory?

A
  • refused to leave
  • during the 1790’s, treaties made w/the US recognized them as a separate nation
  • Georgia continued to attempt to kick them out-took it to court
  • Cherokee won in court
  • Jackson declared tat he would ignore the supreme court
32
Q

What is the Trail of Tears?

A
  • by 1835, the Cherokee were divided
  • a small group of 500 were persuaded to sign the treaty which gave up their land
  • this was a legal document that was needed-jackson acted
  • the senate confirmed the treaty by 1 vote
33
Q

How did Clay and Webster feel about the treaty that led to the trail of tears?

A

Clay and Webster tried to stop it

34
Q

How many Cherokee refused to honor the treaty?

A

17,000

35
Q

what did the chief do about the treaty?

A

he wrote a letter to the US saying that the 500 who signed the treaty did not represent all the Cherokee

36
Q

What happened in the trail of tears?

A
  • general ordered to expel-stepped down
  • General Winfield Scott took over & took 7,000 soldiers to invade land
  • Began march
  • About 2,000 died waiting in camps and more because of conditions
37
Q

Did the NA fight back?

A

many attempted to fight back

  • only successful group was the Seminole in Florida
  • we gave up
38
Q

After 1842, how many NA remained east of the Mississippi?

A

only a few scattered groups

39
Q

How many acres had the NA given up?

A

100 million acres of land for 68 million and 32 million acres West of the Mississippi

40
Q

What is the Bank Issue?

A
  • Jackson believed that BOUS was corrupt and too powerful
  • he vetoed the renewal of the bank which made the issue of a bank a central issue at the next elections
  • he believed that the bank was unconstitutional even though the Supreme Court had already ruled on it
  • he ran for reelection w/the promise to kill the bank
  • Clay opposed him, thought americans would want it
41
Q

What happened in the Election of 1832

A
  • Jackson’s popularity won out and he was reeected

- he then closed the bank and put money in several state banks around the country

42
Q

Who ran for the democrats in 1836 and won?

A

Martin Van Buren

-he opposed a party called the Whigs (republicans)

43
Q

What is a depression?

A

a time when employment and business fall to a very low level

44
Q

What happened in the Panic of 1837?

A
  • economic depression
  • land values dropped, investments declined, banks failed
  • farmers lost land
  • cities couldn’t afford rent or food
  • Van Buren asked congress to create a federal treasury where federal money would be kept (this new treasury would ensure that panics like the one of 1837 wouldn’t happen again)
45
Q

How did the Whigs take over?

A
  • the democrats had held the white house for 12 years but w/depression Whigs could win
  • Nominated William Henry Harrison for president & John Tyler
46
Q

What was the campaign slogan for William Henry Harrison?

A

-Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!

47
Q

How did the Whigs campaign?

A
  • tippecanoe & tyler too campaign slogan
  • Whigs adoped a log cabin as their symbol to appeal to laborers and farmers in the US
  • they attacked Van Buren for furnishing the white house nicely.

history (16 decks)

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