Section 3 A Time of Conflict Flashcards
By 1800, we had over ____ merchant ships sailing around the world
by 1800 we had over 1,000 merchant ships
When ______ & _______ were at war, their merchants stayed home = America more business
When France and Britain were at war, their merchants stayed home = America more business
Pirates from the north coast of Africa were called _____ ______
Barbary Pirates
What is a tribute?
protection money
Pirates typically demanded tribute from a merchant’s country to allow that merchant _____ _____
pirates typically demanded tribute from a merchant’s country to allow that merchant safe passage
_____ routinely paid the tribute instead of conflict
Europeans routinely paid the tribute instead of conflict
The ___ ____ also paid the tribute
the U.S.
in 1801 the ruler of _____ raised the U.S. price
in 1801 the ruler of Tripoli raised the U.S. price
what president refused to pay the tribute to Tripoli?
what did Tripoli do?
Jefferson refused to pay the tribute to Tripoli
Tripoli declared war on the U.S.
What happened in the war against Tripoli?
-we attempted a blockade and they captured our ships & imprisoned the crews
When did the war with Tripoli end?
1800
When the war ended with Tripoli and the U.S. no longer need to pay tribute, what did the U.S. pay in exchange for the release of captured crew?
The U.S. paid $60,000 in exchange for the captured crew
When the U.S. war with Tripoli ended and the U.S. paid $60,000 in exchange for the captured crew, when did the payments end?
the payments on the $60,000 ended in 1815
When was Jefferson reelected?
1804
After Jefferson was re elected in 1804, what was it like in the U.S.?
what was it like in Britain and France?
In the U.S., it was a time of peace
Britain and France were at war
When Britain and France were at war, what did the U.S. do?
remained neutral and continued trading with both countries
What happened when the British were searching American ships looking for deserters? If they found deserters, what would they do?
When the British were searching American ships looking for deserters, if they found a British deserter, they forced them back in the Navy.
-Americans were being taken,
What happened at the Attack on Chesapeake?
- american ship refused to let the British search it’s contents
- the British opened fire
- Americans were outraged and many called for war w/ britian
- Jefferson sought a different solution
What is the Embargo act, when was it passed and who passed it?
- The embargo act prohibits trade with another country
- also banned imports and exports to all foreign countries
- passed by congress in 1807
was the Embargo Act successful?
it was a disaster
after the Embargo Act failed, what did Congress do?
tried the Nonintercourse act
what was the Nonintercourse act?
banned trade with Britain and France and all their colonies
Was the Nonintercourse act effective?
No, it was iineffective
How many terms did Jefferson serve?
2 terms
When Jefferson left office, who ran for office?
Republicans chose Madison
Federalists nominated Pinckney
Who won the election between Madison & Pinckney?
Madison won 122 to 47
In 1810 congress passed a law permitting trade directly with either France or Britain. What did the country have to do to trade directly with the U.S.
lift their trade restrictions
Napoleon jumped at the chance but lied - what did the French do?
continued raiding ships and cargo
What year did Ohio become a state?
1803
What was the treaty of Ohio?
it had NA’s move off millions of acres of land
Who was Tecumseh?
- a Shawnee chief
- built a confederacy among power NA in the NW
- had a brother named “the Prophet”
- urged the NA to return to their roots
who was William Henry Harrison?
- governor of the Indiana territory
- was alarmed by the growing power of the brothers
- warned Tecumseh about America
- Tecumseh replied Americans were the ones who threatened peace
what was the battle of tippecanoe?
- tecumseh traveled south
- harrison attacked prophetstown on the tippecanoe river
- native forces fled
- america won
- tecumseh joined the british
what are War Hawks?
- madison facing demands for war
- most pressure came from young republicans
- henry clay and john calhoun - leaders, wanted to move out west
What did the War Hawks want?
- more land
- loyalty to country
- nationalism
Who opposed the War Hawks?
the federalists
did the things the War Hawks wanted appeal to many people?
yes, excepts the Federalists
What happened in 1812 when Madison knew we were going to war with Britain?
- congress declared war
- Britain removed it’s trading policy
- the news arrived too late, war had already begun
What happened in the War of 1812?
- america wasn’t quite ready for war (underestimated Britain & NA)
- first attempt to invade Canada - were defeated 2 times
- General Harrison believed that taking Lake Erie was the key
Which General captured Lake Erie?
General Perry captured Lake Erie 9/10/1813
When was the Battle of Thames?
10/1813
What was the Battle of Horseshoe Bend?
- when Tecumseh died, progress died
- In March 1814, Andrew Jackson attacked a NA group- the Creeks
- 550 slaughtered
- forced them off the land
The British attacked in August 1814. What happened?
- Britain ended their war with France - focus
- they sailed into Chesapeake Bay and marched on Washington DC
- Madison was off commanding troops but First Lady Dolly Madison remained
After British attacked Washington DC, where did they go?
They went to Baltimore
- people were ready
- artillery fire from Ft McHenry in the harbor stopped the British
- Francis Scott Key-watched it and wrote the Star Spangled Banner
What is Plattsburgh?
- British led 10,000 troops from Canada to capture a city on the shore of Lake Champlain
- American naval force stopped the invasion
- British retreated
- Britain - American too costly
What is the Treaty of Ghent?
- treaty that ended the war & things went back to the way they were
- no new land
- impressment not addressed
- before word of treaty, Jackson fought British at New Orleans & won
- Jackson became a national hero
What happened with the Federalists after the war ended?
- they met and devised a list of improvements
- when they presented them it was declared unpatriotic
- lost all support
- War Hawks took over the Republicans
What do you know about the War Hawks + New Republican party?
- strong central government
- trade
- western expansion
- strong army & navy
- develop economy
