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Life Sciences > The Eye > Flashcards

The Eye Flashcards

1
Q

explain why the eye would be considered a receptor organ

A

it senses stimuli and converts this to a nerve impulse and is then transmitted via the CNS to the brain where its interpreted

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2
Q

why is it necessary to have 2 eyes

A

for the perception of death

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3
Q

name the 2 photoreceptor cells

A

rods and cones

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4
Q

explain the difference between rods and cones

A

rods - black and white vision

cones- colour vision

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5
Q

explain what happens after light strikes the retina

A

the photoreceptor cells are stimulated

nerve impulses are sent via the optic nerves to cerebrum of brain where an image is formed

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6
Q

name the area of clearest vision of the eye

A

fovea/ yellow spot

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7
Q

what is the name of the membrane that protects the eye

A

the conjuncitiva

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8
Q

what is the function of the fluid secreted by the tear gland

A

keeps conjunctive moist

has enzymes which kill bacteria.

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9
Q

what are the 3 functions of the eye

A

accomodation
pupilary mechanism
binocular vision

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10
Q

explain the process that occurs in the eye during near vision

A 
ciliary muslces contract 
suspensary ligaments contract 
tension of lens decreases
lens becomes more convex and rounded
refractive power of lens increases
focal length decreases.
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11
Q

explain the process that occurs in the eye during far vision

A 
cilary muslces relax
suspensory muscles become taut
tension on lens increases 
lens is made longer and thinner
decreases refractive power of lens 
focal length increases
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12
Q

explain process that occurs in the eye when exposed to bright light.

A

circular muscles contract
pupil constricts
radial muscles relax
less light is allowed into eye

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13
Q

explain process that occurs in the eye when exposed to dull light

A

circular muslces relax
radial muslces contract
more light allowed in

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14
Q

what does binocular vision allow

A

allows person to estimate size, distance, depth.

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15
Q

state the pathway of light into the eye

A

cornea - aqueous - humour - pupil - lens - vitreous humour - retina

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16
Q

what is the causes of myopia

A

eyeball is too long

17
Q

how to fix myopia

A

concave lens needed

18
Q

what is the cause of hyperopia

A

eyeball too short

19
Q

how to fix hyperopia

A

convex lens needed

20
Q

cause of astigmatism

A

cornea or lens with unequal curvature

21
Q

how will someone know if they have an astigmatism

A

only part of an image is clear

22
Q

what is a cataract

A

lens becomes cloudy and it impacts vision

23
Q

name the 3 group of people who will be at most risk for getting cataracts

A

diabetics, high BP, elderley

24
Q

what is the scleriotic layer

A

tough, white, protective layer that surrounds the eye to maintain shape

25
Q

what is the conjunctiva

A

clear, thin covering of eye

26
Q

what is the cornea

A

clear window in scleriotic layer that allows light in

27
Q

what is the pupil

A

hole in centre of iris

28
Q

what is the aqeous humour

A

watery liquid that fills space between cornea and lens to maintain shape

29
Q

what is the iris

A

in front of lens

changes size to control size of pupil.

30
Q

what is the cillary muslce

A

changes shape of lens and focuses

31
Q

what is the suspensory ligament

A

holds lens in place

32
Q

what is the lens

A

clear jelly like window that helps focus image on back surface of eye

33
Q

what is the optic nerve

A

joins eye to brain

flips

34
Q

what is the blind spot

A

where blood vessels and the optic nerve join the eyeball.

35
Q

what is the yellow spotn

A

section of retina behind the pupil that contains large number of colour sensitive cells

36
Q

what is the retina

A

contains many light sensitive cells transmitting messages to the brain

37
Q

what is the choroid

A

black layer that forms part of the inside lining of eye behind the lens. Nourishes eye with blood and O2. stops light reflecting all around the eye

38
Q

what is the vitreous humour

A

jelly that maintains shape of eye

Life Sciences (16 decks)

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