Nervous System

Question 1

function of the NS

Answer 1

detect stimuli and enable the body to effectiveley respond.

Question 2

what is the brain

Answer 2

enlarged upper part of the spinal chord.

Question 3

how is the brain protected

Answer 3

cranium, cerebrospinal fluid, meinges membranes

Question 4

name the 3 meninges

Answer 4

dura meter
arachnoid meter
pia meter

Question 5

function of the cerebellum

Answer 5

voluntary
recieves and interprets sensations
high mental functions

Question 6

function of the corpus callosum

Answer 6

connects 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum

Question 7

function of the cerebellum

Answer 7

all voluntary actions to ensure smooth movement

maintains muscle tone

Question 8

function of the medulla oblongata

Answer 8

involuntary functions

Question 9

where can the central canal be found

Answer 9

it runs through the centre of the spinal cord.

Question 10

what is the central canal filled with

Answer 10

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 11

what shape does the grey matter form

Answer 11

H shape

Question 12

where is the white matter of the spinal chord found

Answer 12

surrounds the H shape

Question 13

where do the spinal nerves enter and leave

Answer 13

between successive vertebrae

Question 14

compare the two types of spinal nerves.

Answer 14

dorsal:

• made up of sensory neurons
• conducts impulses from receptors to grey matter

ventral:

• made up of motor neurons
• conducts impulses from grey matter towards effector.

Question 15

what is a ganglion

Answer 15

cell bodies of sensory neurons occur in swelling of dorsal root.

Question 16

by what is the spinal chord protected

Answer 16

same 3 meninges that protect the brain

Question 17

what are the 2 main functions of the spinal cord.

Answer 17

carring signals from the brain

carrying signals to the brain

Question 18

what are cranial nerves

Answer 18

connected to brain and conduct impulses to and from sensory receptors and muscles in face

Question 19

what are spinal nerves

Answer 19

enter and leave spinal cord between vertebrae.

Question 20

name the 2 functions of the PNS

Answer 20

sensory and motor

Question 21

explain how the somatic NS works

Answer 21

motor nuerons conduct impulses from CNA to skeletal muscles that control voluntary movements.

Question 22

explain how the autonomic NS works

Answer 22

motor neurons conduct impulses from CNS to cardiac and smooth muscles and glands.

Question 23

name the 3 types of neurons

Answer 23

sensor
motor
interneuron

Question 24

what is a reflex arc

Answer 24

quick, automatic response that involves the spinal cord and not the brain

Question 25

what is a synapse

Answer 25

minute gap between consecutive neurons or between neuron and effector.

Question 26

formal term for neurotransmitter

Answer 26

acetylcholine

Question 27

what is alzheimers disease

Answer 27

irreversible brain disease that gradually worsens, resulting in memory loss and decreased metal functioning

Question 28

2 causes of alzheimers

Answer 28

- amyloid plaque develops between neurons | - shortage of neurotransmitter at synapse

Question 29

symptoms of alzheimers

Answer 29

- short/long term memory loss - tasks with steps become difficult - irritability, mood swings, aggresion - loose ability to speak

Question 30

what is MS

Answer 30

auto immune disease affecting the neurons of the CNS | body attacks and destroys the myelin shealth

Question 31

symptoms of MS

Answer 31

loss of muslce control and co ordination | loss of vision, memory and speach ability