Nervous System Flashcards
function of the NS
detect stimuli and enable the body to effectiveley respond.
what is the brain
enlarged upper part of the spinal chord.
how is the brain protected
cranium, cerebrospinal fluid, meinges membranes
name the 3 meninges
dura meter
arachnoid meter
pia meter
function of the cerebellum
voluntary
recieves and interprets sensations
high mental functions
function of the corpus callosum
connects 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum
function of the cerebellum
all voluntary actions to ensure smooth movement
maintains muscle tone
function of the medulla oblongata
involuntary functions
where can the central canal be found
it runs through the centre of the spinal cord.
what is the central canal filled with
cerebrospinal fluid
what shape does the grey matter form
H shape
where is the white matter of the spinal chord found
surrounds the H shape
where do the spinal nerves enter and leave
between successive vertebrae
compare the two types of spinal nerves.
dorsal:
- made up of sensory neurons
- conducts impulses from receptors to grey matter
ventral:
- made up of motor neurons
- conducts impulses from grey matter towards effector.
what is a ganglion
cell bodies of sensory neurons occur in swelling of dorsal root.
by what is the spinal chord protected
same 3 meninges that protect the brain
what are the 2 main functions of the spinal cord.
carring signals from the brain
carrying signals to the brain
what are cranial nerves
connected to brain and conduct impulses to and from sensory receptors and muscles in face
what are spinal nerves
enter and leave spinal cord between vertebrae.
name the 2 functions of the PNS
sensory and motor
explain how the somatic NS works
motor nuerons conduct impulses from CNA to skeletal muscles that control voluntary movements.
explain how the autonomic NS works
motor neurons conduct impulses from CNS to cardiac and smooth muscles and glands.
name the 3 types of neurons
sensor
motor
interneuron
what is a reflex arc
quick, automatic response that involves the spinal cord and not the brain