The External Pharynx and Larynx Flashcards
The pharynx is one continuous passageway composed of three parts
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
These are all part of what
pharynx
The nasopharynx is posterior to the
A) nasal cavity
B) oral cavity
C) larynx
A
The oropharynx is posterior to the
A) nasal cavity
B) oral cavity
C) larynx
B
The laryngopharynx is posterior to the
A) nasal cavity
B) oral cavity
C) larynx
C
where can longitudinal muscle be found in the wall of pharynx
A) outer layer
b) inner layer
b
where can circular muscle be found in the wall of pharnx
A) outer layer
b)inner layer
A
external circular muscle layer is composed of three constrictor muscles. Find the correct 3
superior
posterior
middle
lateral
midclavicular
inferior
superior, middle, inferior
in externalcircular muscle of pharynx, which direction do the constrictor muscle constraint
A) Superior to middle to inferior
B) middle to superior to inferior
C) inferior to superior to middle
d) inferior to middle to superior
E) middle to inferior to superior
F) Superior to inferior to middle
A
Why do the constrictor muscle of the external circular muscle of the pharynx contact the superior to inferior
so that swallowed food moves down the pharynx towards the
oesophagus
During swallowing, food in the oral cavity is pushed into the ______ by the tongue
oropharynx
The soft palate rises and closes off the ______ from the oropharynx
nasopharynx
discuss epiglottis function
-closes off the laryngeal inlet
-prevents food or liquids from entering the larynx
The pharynx is innervated by sensory fibres from the ______ nerve
glossopharyngeal
what nerves is the pharynx innervated by
A) Acessory
B) hypoglossal
C) Glossopharyngeal
D)facial
E)Vagus
F) Vestibulocochlear
Vagus + glossopharyngeal
The pharynx is innervated by motor fibres from the _____- nerve
vagus
how many cartilages is the larynx made up of
9
Of the larynx cartilages. ___are unpaired, and ___are paired.
3
3
what joins the cartilages together in the larynx
Membranes and very small joints
which cartilages of the larynx make up the epiglottis, thyroid cartilage, and the cricoid cartilage.
A) unpaired
B) paired
unpaired
what are the names of the 3 paired cartilages in the larynx
arytenoids, the cuneiforms and the corniculate cartilages
The unpaired cartliagesin pharynx are bigger then the paired
T/F
T
laryngeal prominence is AKA
Adams apple
laryngeal prominence is formed from where and what
It marks the anterior midline of 2 cartilaginous thyroid laminae meeting
what to the superior horns (posterior projection of cartilaginous thyroid lamina) attach to
hyoid bone
where do the inferior horns (posterior projection of cartilaginous thyroid lamina) articulate with the
cricoid cartilage
what membrane is pierced to create an emergency
airway
cricothyroid membrane
epiglottis is attached to the _____ aspect of the thyroid cartilage
A) superior
B) inferior
C) posterior
D) anterior
superior
Although small, the ______are vital for phonation, as the vocal cords attach to them. Movements of the ______ move the vocal cords.
A) arytenoids
B) cuneiforms
C) corniculate cartilages
arytenoids
Outline the two groups of muscles act upon the larynx
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
what are the extrinsic muscles of the larynx
suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles
what are the intrinsic muscles of the larynx
Adductors
adductors
Sphincters
Tensors
Structures in the neck that are palpable on examination are…
● hyoid bone
● thyroid cartilage
● cricoid cartilage
● first tracheal cartilage
● cricothyroid membrane
● lobes of the thyroid gland
● carotid pulse
Gag reflex function
protect R tract
what innervates the gag reflex
Vagus + glossopharyngeal
When the back of the mouth, posterior wall of the pharynx or the tonsils are
stimulated, this sensation is carried to the ___ via the _________l nerve.
CNS
glossopharyngeal nerve
during Gag reflex which muscles contract
muscles of the soft palate and pharynx immediately contract
How might you assess if a patient’s glossopharyngeal nerve was functioning normally?
test gag reflex by brushing posterior wall of oropharynx
Why do patients who have had a stroke need a swallowing assessment?
impairs the cough reflex. Patients are at risk of ‘aspiration’ – swallowed liquid or
food may pass into the lungs and cause infection.
Which nerve supplies the pharyngeal constrictors?
vagus
What structures are supplied by the superior laryngeal nerve
sensory innervation to the inside of the larynx as far as the vocal
cords.
* It innervates to the cricothyroid
