Anterior Neck And Thyroid Flashcards
Where is the hyoid bone
Anterior upper neck
Inferior to Mandible
Hyoid bone function
Helps keep pharynx open and is an attachment point for muscle in neck and tongue
What is the larynx
Voice box
Larynx function
Protects Rtract
Contains vocal cords for phonation
What shape is the anterior neck muscle
Scalene
What shape is the posterior neck muscle
Isosceles
What separates the anterior and posterior neck muscles
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
What 3 places you s the sternocleidomastoid attached to
Sternum
Clavicle
Mastoid process
T:/F
Sternocleidomastoid can only act bilateral
F
Both bilateral and unilateral
What nerve innervated the Sternocleidomastoid
Accessory (cranial 11)
Which 2 muscles does accessory nerve innervate
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Where does accessory nerve originate
C6-c7
Outline the boundaries of the anterior triangle
Anterior- midline neck
Posterior- anterior border of Sternocleidomastoid
Superior- lower border of mandible
List the nerves + fibres of anterior triangle
Nerves
-facial nerves branches( (7)
-Glossopharyngeal (9)
-vagus(10)
-accessory(11)
-hypoglosaal (12)
ASA cervicalis (c1-c3)
HAV FAG
List the vessels of the anterior triangle in the neck
Common carotid
Internal and external carotid
Internal jugular vein
List the structures + glands in the anterior triangle of neck
Trachea
Larynx
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Submandibular salivary
PLTTS
List the muscles of the anterior triangle in the neck
Infrahyoid
Suprahyoid
List the vessels on the posterior triangle of the neck
Subclavian artery
Subclavian vein
External jugular
List the nerves + fibres of the posterior triangle of the neck
Accessory 11
Brachial plexus
Cervicle plexus
Phrenic nerve
List the 4 suprahyoid muscles
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Styohyoid
Digastric
List the 4 infrahyoid muscles
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothryroid
Thryohyoid
Do sternohyoid and omohyoid lie superficial of deep
Superficial
do Sternothyroid and thyrohyoid lie deep
deep
Where does the thyroid gland lie
just lateral to the lower larynx and upper trachea
how many lobes doe the thyroid have
2
discuss the thyroids blood supply
L+ R superior thyroid arteries
L + R inferior thyroid arteries
How many parathyroid glands are there
usually 4
what hormone does the parathyroid gland produce and what its function is
Parathryoid hormone for calcium regulation
where is parathyroid embedded
posterior to thyroid
what is the parathyroids blood supply
inferior thyroid arteries
pulsation of the internal carotid can be palpated where?
immediately lateral to larynx
what does the internal carotid supply
brain
external carotid artery gives rise to several branches that supply the
head and neck, including the
—-
—-
—-
—-
—-
tongue
face
thyroid
scalp
pharynx
When common carotid bifurcates there is a swelling called _____
carotid sinus
what is located in the carotid sinus for homeostasis
baroreceptors
when baroreceptors in carotid sinus detect a change in b/p where is the visceral sensory information sent along and where to
Glossopharyngeal nerve to CNS
what does the subclavian artery supply
Upper limbs, thorax, neck region, brain
list the 5 branches of subclavian artery
Vertebral artery
Internal thoracic artery
Thyrocervical trunk
Costo cervical trunk
Dorsal scapular artery
VIT CD
The thyrocervical trunk give rise to the internal thoracic artery, this supplies the _____
larynx, pharynx, trachea, platysma, oesophagus, thyroid and parathyroid glands
LOTTPPP
What is the major vein of the neck
Jugular
_______ + _______ = brachiocephalic vein.
subclavian vein + internal jugular
_______ + _________ = superior vena cava.
L + R brachiocephalic vein
what does the facial nerve supply in the neck
platysma
what does glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) supply
● pharynx
● carotid sinus
The vagus nerve (CN X) is vital for normal speech and swallowing. What does it supply in neck
muscles of pharynx
larynx
what three structures run
together in a fascial sleeve called the carotid sheath.
internal jugular
internal carotid
vagus nerve
The accessory nerve (CN XI) supplies the what in the neck
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) is motor to the muscles of the ____
tongue
hypoglossal nerve doesn’t supply anything in the neck and only levels through it
T/F
T
where does hypoglossal nerve run
lateral to internal carotid artery and deep to external jugular
The head and neck are richly innervated with ________ nerves
sympathetic
A patient may develop hypocalcaemia after thyroid surgery - why?
parathyroid glands may be removed, which
disturbs calcium homeostasis resulting in hypoparathyroidism
Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve results in an
inability to move the
ipsilateral vocal cord
inability to move ipsilateral vocal cords affects……
quality of the voice
what is Carotid artery stenosis
when atheroma in carotid artery causes lumen narrowing (stenosis)
is an atheroma break up what could happen to the brain
Atheroma fragment could travel along cerebral arteries causing a stroke
What is the function of the infrahyoid muscles
move the larynx up and down the neck and support its central positon
Which structure may be compressed by an enlarged thyroid gland
trachea
