LL:2) The Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh

Question 1

What 3 ridges does the posterior illium bear

Answer 1

Anterior, posterior, inferior gluteal lines

Question 2

The posterior ilium and ischium bear two notches:

Answer 2

greater and lesser sciatic

Question 3

how can you tell posterior from inferior side of femur

Answer 3

posterior has linea aspera, intertrochanteric crest, gluteal tuberosity

Question 4

The intertrochanteric crest is a ridge of bone between the trochanters on the
_______ aspect of the femur.

Answer 4

posterior

Question 5

The gluteal tuberosity lies just inferior to the trochanters on the ______ aspect of the femur. It is a site of muscle attachment.

Answer 5

posterior

Question 6

list the superficial gluteal muscles

Answer 6

● Gluteus maximus
● Gluteus medius
● Gluteus minimus
● Tensor fascia latae

Question 7

Describe gluteus maximus

-blood supply
-nervous
-insertion
-origin
-function

Answer 7

-Inferior gluteal and superior gluteal arteries

-Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

-Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur

-posterior parts of the posterior surface of the ilium, the sacrotuberous ligament and the sacrum

-extensor and lateral rotator hip

Question 8

Describe gluteus medius

-blood supply
-nervous
-insertion
-origin
-function

Answer 8

-Deep branch of S gluteal artery, trochanteric anastomosis

-Superior gluteal nerve L4-S1

-greater trochanter

-Gluteal surface of ilium

-abduct and medially rotate hip

Question 9

Describe gluteus minimus

-blood supply
-nervous
-insertion
-origin
-function

Answer 9

-Deep branch of S gluteal artery, trochanteric anastomosis

-Superior gluteal nerve L4-S1

-greater trochanter of femur

-Gluteal surface of ilium

-abduct and medially rotate hip

Question 10

Tensor fascia latae is attached to the ____ and inserts into the _______ _____

Answer 10

ASIS
iliotibial band

Question 11

What nerve innervated the tensor fascia latae

Answer 11

Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

Question 12

list the deep gluteal muscles

Answer 12

● Piriformis
● The superior and inferior gemelli
● Obturator internus
● Quadratus femoris

Question 13

Describe Structures passing through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis muscle:

Answer 13

PIN&PINS

-Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
-Inferior gluteal vessels and nerves
-Nerve to quadratus femoris
- Pudendal nerve
- Internal pudendal vessels
- Nerve to obturator internus
-Sciatic nerve

Question 14

Describe piriformis muscle

-blood supply
-nervous
-insertion
-origin
-function

Answer 14

-Superior +inferior gluteal artery, gemellar branches of the internal pudendal

-Nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)

-Greater trochanter of the femur

-Anterior surface of the sacrum

Question 15

Describe Obturator Internus muscle

-blood
-nervous

Answer 15

-Obturator artery; internal pudendal artery

-Nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)

Question 16

what is the general function of the deep gluteal muscles

Answer 16

stabilise and laterally rotate the hip joint

Question 17

List the muscles of the posterior thigh compatment

Answer 17

● semimembranosus
● semitendinosus
● biceps femoris (a long and a short head)
● hamstring part of adductor magnus

Question 18

what is the general innervation of the posterior thigh muscles

Answer 18

sciatic nerve(L4-S3)

Question 19

What are the functions of the posterior thigh compartments and innervation

Answer 19

semimembranosus - extension hip, flexion knee, tibial part of sciatic nerve

semitendinosus - extension hip, flexion knee, tibial part of sciatic nerve

Biceps femoris long head-extension hip, flexion knee, tibial part sciatic nerve

Biceps femoris short head - flexion knee, common fibular sciatic nerve

Hamstring adductor Magnus - extension hip, tibial sciatic

Question 20

What are the gluteal arteries a branch of

Answer 20

internal illiac

Question 21

what muscles border the Popliteal Fossa

Answer 21

Superomedial border – semimembranosus.
Superolateral border – biceps femoris.
Inferomedial border – medial head of the gastrocnemius.
Inferolateral border – lateral head of the gastrocnemius and plantaris.

Question 22

what are the contents. of the popliteal fossa

Answer 22

popliteal vein + artery
Tibial nerve
common fibrillar nerve

Question 23

where is sciatic pain felt

Answer 23

posterior thigh

Question 24

what is the nerve root for sciatic nerve

Answer 24

L4-S3

Question 25

What structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen?

Answer 25

• Piriformis muscles
  -Sciatic nerve
  -Superior and inferior gluteal arteries, veins and nerves
  -Pudendal nerve
  -Internal pudendal artery

Question 26

What structures pass through the lesser sciatic foramen

Answer 26

-Pudendal nerve (into the perineum)
-internal pudendal artery (into the perineum)
-Tendon of obturator internus

Question 27

at structures pass through the obturator canal?

Answer 27

obtruatoru vein, artery, nerve

Question 28

what passes through the deep to the inguinal ligament

Answer 28

femoral vein, artery, nerve

Question 29

Which vessel supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 29

vessels arriving from produndua femoris

Question 30

Where do the posterior thigh muscles origionate

Answer 30

ischial tuberosity