The emergence of Progressivism in the 1890-1912 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the two meaning of Progressivism

A

1) Concerned with the regulation of big business, political reform and social reform
2) Interventionism - the belief that direct intervention at state and federal level could bring about improvements to society

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2
Q

Why did Progressivism emerge?
• Economic problems
(Unemployment)

A

Recession in 1893, which lead to high unemployment in industrial cities. The figure remained at 12% for the rest of the 1890s.

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3
Q

Why did Progressivism emerge?
• Economic problems
(Banks)

A

Many banks collapsed during the recession, which meant that many people lost their savings.

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4
Q

Why did Progressivism emerge?
• Economic problems
(Agriculture)

A

Agriculture continued to decline due to falling prices. This meant that the small farmers of the North-east could not compete with the large-scale farming of the West.

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5
Q

Why did Progressivism emerge?
• Social problems
(Living conditions)

A

Many cities were overcrowding with inadequate sewage disposal and a lack of clean water.

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6
Q

Why did Progressivism emerge?
• Social problems
(Working conditions)

A

No restriction on working hours and there was no welfare system in the USA, such as no sick pay or compensation for accidents.

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7
Q

Why did Progressivism emerge?

• The need for political reform

A

The Democrats were deeply conservative, and the Republican became the party of big business and banks

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8
Q

Why did Progressivism emerge?

• The need to regulate big business

A

Trusts became so powerful that they threatened to establish monopolies in particular industries, which meant that they could fix prices without fear of competition.

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9
Q

Why did Progressivism emerge?

• Fear of revolution

A
  • Progressivism is often seen as a middle-class movement.
  • Leaders sought to create a more efficient and stable society
  • Trade unions grew in strength and wore workers were supporting militant actions such as strikes
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10
Q

Political aims of Progressivism

• Election and political parties

A

Political parties seemed to be dominated by a few wealthy businessmen who controlled candidate nomination at local, state and presidential level. Thus, demanding for the open primary election

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11
Q

Economic aims of Progressivism

• Trade unions and working condition

A

Wanted legislation to ensure employers recognised trade unions regulated hours of work and provided compensation for injury at work and introducing insurance schemes for unemployment.

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12
Q

Social aims of Progressivism

• Welfare benefits

A

Wanted the government to provide a safety net to help those who were too poor to help themselves through state-funded welfare benefits.

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13
Q

Political aims of the Progressive Movement

• Women suffrage

A

Demanded changes to the Constitution including allowing women to vote and ensuring that senators were more accountable by making them directly elected rather than being chosen by state legislatures.

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14
Q

Social aims of the Progressive movement in 1890

• African Americans

A

Reforms to help African Americans who, having moved to the North to escape the poverty of the South, were often treated as second-class citizens and experienced poor living standards.

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