The Digestive System Flashcards
What are the functions of the digestive system?
Break down complex chemicals to simple ones
Absorb simple chemicals
Assimilate products of digestion
Eliminate indigestible materials
What nutrients are essential for the body to function and repair?
Water Carbohydrates – Including fibre (cellulose), sugar and starch Proteins Fats (Or lipids) Vitamins Minerals
Name the 2 types of carbohydrates:
Simple carbohydrates (Or monosaccharides) Complex carbohydrates (or polysaccharides)
How does the body use proteins?
For growth and repair of tissue and to help in the production of hormones and enzymes.
How does the body use fats?
Transport and supply fat-soluble vitamins around the body
Provide energy and warmth
Name the 2 types of fats found in food:
Saturated fat
Unsaturated fat
What is an enzyme?
A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The active site is the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction
What does Catalyste mean?
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
Why are vitamins needed in the diet?
For normal functioning of the body
To help the body’s resistance to disease
Name the 2 types of vitamins:
Fat soluble vitamins including vitamin A, D, E and K. .
Water soluble vitamins include vitamins B and C.
What is the alimentary canal?
The alimentary canal is a long tube which is about 9m in length. It starts at the mouth and ends at the anus.
List the structure of the alimentary canal:
The mouth The pharynx and oesophagus The stomach The small intestine The large intestine
List the accessory organs that work alongside the alimentary canal:
The liver
The gall bladder
The pancreas
