the cardiovascular system

Question 1

what are the 5 functions of the cardiovascular system

Answer 1

• circulates blood to all parts of the body
• transports wastes, including carbon dioxide away from the cells
• transports water, oxygen and nutrients to the cells
• maintains correct body temperature
• helps fight disease through the white blood cells and the antibodies contained in blood

Question 2

what is stoke volume (SV)

Answer 2

stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by each beat of the heart

Question 3

what is cardiac output (Q)

Answer 3

is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. it can he worked out by multiplying SV x HR.
- Q= SV x HR

Question 4

what is the cardiac cycle

Answer 4

the cardiac cycle is the process of the heart filling with blood then pumping the blood to the rest of the body via the arterial system

Question 5

what is the term systole

Answer 5

when the heart contracts, it forces blood out via the ventricles and into the arteries

Question 6

what is the term diastole

Answer 6

when the heart relaxes, it fills with blood from the veins

Question 7

label the heart

Question 8

what are the chambers of the heart

Answer 8

2 upper chambers, the atria. they are responsible for receiving blood. the 2 lower changes, the ventricles are responsible for pumping blood throughout the body (so they are more muscular than the artia

Question 9

what does the right side of the heart do

Answer 9

the right side of the heart receives and pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 10

what does the left side of the heart do

Answer 10

the left side of the heart is larger and receives and pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body

Question 11

what are the stages of the cardiac cycle

Question 12

what are the blood functions

Answer 12

• transporting gases, fuels and minerals around the body
• protection against dehydration
• maintaining equilibrium (homeostasis) via enzyme and hormone regulation
• thermoregulation
• carrying cells and antibodies to fight protection
• bringing wastes products to the kidney’s and liver, which filter and clean the blood

Question 13

what are red blood cells

Answer 13

red blood cells carry oxygen from your lungs to the muscles, oxygen is used in the muscles and converted to carbon dioxide when the muscles work. they contain haemoglobin, which is the substance that carries oxygen and what makes the blood red.

Question 14

what are white blood cells

Answer 14

white blood cells detect and deal with infection or foreign molecules that enter your body. they will produce antibodies to fight the infection and help with other immune responses. they are larger than red blood cells and come in a variety of shapes and sizes, while only having a lifespan of a couple of days.

Question 15

what are platelets

Answer 15

platelets causes a blood clot when a blood vessel is damaged and are produced in the bone marrow.

Question 16

what are blood vessels and what are the 3 types of blood vessels.

Answer 16

blood vessels are channels that carry blood throughout your body. the 3 three types of blood vessels are arteries, capillaries and veins

Question 17

what are arteries

Answer 17

arteries are responsible for carrying blood away from the heart to enter the body or the lungs. the aorta is the largest artery and is attached to the left ventricle. due to the large amount of blood which flows through the arteries to alter their shape and assist with blood flow.

Question 18

what are coronary arteries

Answer 18

coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. heart disease is usually caused by blockages or other such issues in the coranoy arteries.

Question 19

what are veins

Answer 19

veins carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart, by collecting it from all around the body.

Question 20

what are capillaries

Answer 20

capillaries are the smallest blood vessel, with very thin walls. they transport blood, nutrients, and oxygen to cels in your organs and body systems.

Question 21

what is the systematic system

Answer 21

the systematic system is powered by the left ventricle and pumps oxygenated blood around the body. once the blood has been pumped through the body it is returned to the atrium-low in oxygen.

Question 22

what is the pulmonary system

Answer 22

the pulmonary system is powered by the right ventricle and pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs. once the blood has been pumped through the lungs, it returns to the left atrium- high in oxygen.

Question 23

what is blood pressure

Answer 23

blood pressure is the measurement of the pressure or force of blood inside your arteries.

Question 24

what does blood pressure show

Answer 24

• indicator of the body’s health it shows how hard the heart has to work to pump through the arteries, capillaries and veins
• the health of the

Question 25

what is systolic

Answer 25

the systolic blood pressure is a measure of the pressure that the blood exerts on the artery wall as the heart is contracting (emptying).

Question 26

what is diastolic

Answer 26

diastolic blood pressure is a measure of the pressure that the blood exerts on the artery wall as the heart is relaxing (filling).

Question 27

what is increased heart rate in physical exercise

Answer 27

• as the intensity of exercise increases, heart rate rises to supply more oxygen and energy.
• resting heart rate is about 70BPM but it can climb to increase of 2