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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy > The Brachium and Elbow (Exam 1) > Flashcards

The Brachium and Elbow (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is clinically significant about the supracondylar process

A

extra ligament that can impinge medial nerve

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2
Q

What is the ligament at the supracondylar process

A

ligament of struthers

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3
Q

What are the different joints found at the elbow

A

Humeroulnar and Humeroradial

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4
Q

What type of joint is the humerolunar joint

A

synovial hinge

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5
Q

What type of joint is the humerolradial

A

synovial hinge

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6
Q

What do the humerolulnar and humeroradial joint allow for movement wise

A

flexion and extension of the forearm

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7
Q

What types of joint is the proximal radial and ulnar joint

A

synovial pivot

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8
Q

What is the function of the proximal radioulnar joint

A

allows supination and pronation

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9
Q

What is the function of the anular ligament

A

holds head of radius into the elbow joint

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10
Q

What is the clinical importance of the anular ligament

A

involved in Handmaid’s elbow

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11
Q

What is handmaid’s elbow

A

sudden yank on the arm leads to popping the annular ligament and subluxation of the radial head

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12
Q

What is the importance of the ulnar collateral ligament

A

Holds the ulna to the humerus

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13
Q

What is clinically significant about the ulnar collateral ligament

A

commonly injured in pitches

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14
Q

What is at risk when repairing the ulnar collateral ligament

A

ulnar nerve

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15
Q

What are the different compartments of the brachium

A

anterior and posterior

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16
Q

What muscles as a whole compose the anterior compartment of the brachium

A

flexors of the forearm

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17
Q

What msucles as a whole compose the posterior compartment of the brachium

A

extensors of the forearm

18
Q

What runs between the anterior and posterior compartments of the brachium

A

neurovascular bundles

19
Q

What are the 3 main muscles of the anterior arm

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
coracobrachialis

20
Q

What are the attachments, innervation, and actions of the biceps brachii

A

Proximal: long head: supraglenoid tubercle
short head: coracoid process

Distal: radial tuberosity

Innerve: musculocutaneous nn.

Function: flex the forearm, supination

21
Q

What are the attachments, innervation, and actions of the brachialis muscle

A

Humerus to the ulnar tuberosity

Innervation: musculocutaneous

Action: flexion of the arm

22
Q

What are the attachments, actions, and innervation of coracobrachialis

A

coracoid process to humerus

Musculocutaneous

shoulder flexion

23
Q

What muscle assists in supination of the arm

A

biceps brachii

24
Q

What part of the biceps brachii assists in supination

A

aponeurois on top of the cubital fossa

25
Q

What is the muscle of the posterior compartment

A

triceps brachii

26
Q

What are the attachments of the different heads of the triceps

A

Long: infraglenoid tubercle

Medial: posterior humerus

Lateral: posterior humerus

27
Q

Where do the triceps brachii heads attach

A

olecranon

28
Q

What is the action and innervation of triceps brachii

A

extension of elbow
Long head: extension of shoulder

radial nn

29
Q

What is the function of muscle stretch reflex testing

A

tests innervation to a muscle and also examines motor function

30
Q

In order to have a normal muscle stretch reflex, what do you need

A

both motor and sensory innervation to a muscle

31
Q

What are the terminal branches of the brachial artery

A

Radial and ulnar arteries

profunda brachii

32
Q

What is the anastomes in the brachium

A

collateral arteries anastamose with recurrent arteries

recurrent arteries can backfill brachial artery to maintain circulation around elbow

33
Q

What structures are at risk during a mid shaft humerus fracture

A

radial nn

profunda brachial aa

34
Q

What structures are at risk during fracture to the surgical neck of the humerus

A

axillary and posterior circumflex humeral artery

35
Q

What structures are at risk during a fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus

A

ulnar nerve

36
Q

What structures are at risk during a fracture to the supracondylar humerus

A

median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve)

median runs through a groove

37
Q

Where would fracture of the lesser tuberosity cause

A

subscapularis will pull bone and displace it (medial rotater)

38
Q

Where would fracture bone go if greater tuberosity fractured

A

displaced superiorly by supraspinatis, teres minor, and infraspinatus

39
Q

Where would a fractured bone go if proximal shaft was fractured

A

pulled medially by pectoralis major and latissimus

40
Q

Where would a fractured bone go if the distal shaft was fractured

A

pulled up by deltoid from the deltoid tuberosity

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy (12 decks)

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