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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy > MS1 Musculature of the Back- Extrinsic > Flashcards

MS1 Musculature of the Back- Extrinsic Flashcards

1
Q

What is a dermatome

A

region of skin supplied by 1 level of spinal nerves

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2
Q

What features are on the surface anatomy of the back?

A 
External occipital protuberance
Site of nuchal ligament
Scapula
Iliac crest
Prominent spinous processes
Muscles: trapezius, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, erector spinae, teres major
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3
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the back

A

Superficial and Intermediate muscles of the back

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4
Q

What functions doe the extrinsic muscles have

A

movement of upper limbs and scapula

movement of ribs

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5
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles innervated by

A

anterior rami

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6
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the back

A 
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
rhomboid minor
rhomboid major
levator scapulae
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7
Q

What are the intermediate muscles of the back

A

serratus posterior superior

serratus posterior inferior

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8
Q

What is the proximal origin of the trapezius

A

spinous process of C7-12

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9
Q

What is the distal insertion of the trapezius

A

acromion
spine of the scapula
lateral 1/3 of the clavicle

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10
Q

What is the action of the trapezius

A

elevate and depress the scapula
retraction of scapula
abduction of upper limb above 90 degrees

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11
Q

What is the blood supply to trapezius

A

superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius for motor function

A

spinal acessory nerve (CN XI)

-thing SANd TRAP

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius for proprioception

A

C2, C3, and C4

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14
Q

What are the three portions of the trapezius

A

superior
middle
inferior

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15
Q

Where does the superior portion attach

A

external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7
to
1/3 of clavicle/ acromium

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16
Q

Where does the middle portion of the trapezius attach

A

spinous process of T1-T5
to
medial border of acronium and lip of spine of scapula

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17
Q

Where do the inferior portion of the trapezius attach

A

T6-T12 spinous processes
to
tubercle of spine

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18
Q

What is the function of the anterior portion of the trapezius

A

elevate scapula
unilateral: flex and rotate head to opposite side
bilaterally, extend neck
lateral rotate upwards

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19
Q

What is the function of the middle portion of the trapezius

A

adduct scapula, bring closer to the spine

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20
Q

What is the function of the posterior portion of the trapezius

A

depress scapula, glide inferiorly

laterally rotate scapula upwards

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21
Q

What is the proximal origin of the latissimus dorsi

A

Spinous process of T7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest

22
Q

Where is the distal insertion of the latissimus dorsi

A

floor of intertubercle groove of the humerus (bicipital groove)

23
Q

What is the action of latissimus dorsi

A

extension
medial rotation
adduction of the upper limb (pull up muscle)

24
Q

What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8) off the brachial plexus

25
Q

What is the blood supply of latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal artery

26
Q

What muscles are involved in the 2nd layer of superficial back

A

serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior

27
Q

Axillary dissection of lymph nodes can affect the latissimus dorsi how

A

dissection leads to risk of damaging thoracodorsal nerve, which will affect the latissimus dorsi if cut
weakness in adduction, extension, and medial rotation

28
Q

How does the latissimus relate to breast cancer

A

you place a slip of latissimus dorsi and vasculature to support an implant after a mastectomy

29
Q

What is the proximal origin of the levator scapulae

A

Transverse processes of C1-C4

30
Q

Where is the distal insertion of the levator scapulae

A

Superior angle and medial border of the scapula

31
Q

What is the action of levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula

32
Q

What is the proximal orgin of the rhomboid minor

A

nuchal ligament

spinous process C7-T1

33
Q

What is the proximal origin of the rhomboid major

A

spinous process of T2-T5

34
Q

What is the distal insertion of the rhomboid minor

A

Medial border of scapula at level of the spine

35
Q

What is the distal insertion of the rhomboid major

A

medial border of scapula inferior to spine

36
Q

What are the actions of the rhomboids

A

retract and fix scapula

37
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboids

A

dorsal scapular nerve C4-C5

38
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular nerve and cervical nerve

39
Q

What is the blood supply to the rhomboids

A

deep cervical artery

40
Q

What is the blood supply to the levator scapulae

A

deep cervical artery

41
Q

What is Petit’s Hernia

A

herniation through inferior lumbar triangle

42
Q

What is the lumbar triangle

A

space below latissimus dorsi above the iliac crest

43
Q

What is triangle of auscultation

A

area at the 6th intercostal space with very little tissue that makes auscultation easy

44
Q

What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation

A

trapezius–medial
latissimus dorsi–inferior
medial border of scapula–lateral

45
Q

What borders the lumbar triangle

A

latissimus dorsi medially
external oblique laterally
iliac crest inferiorly

46
Q

What is the proximal origin of the serratus posterior inferior

A

Spinous process of T11-L2/L3

47
Q

What is the distal insertion of serratus posterior inferior

A

Ribs 9-12, lateral to angles

48
Q

What is the proximal origin of serratus posterior superior

A

nuchal ligament

spinous processes C7-T3

49
Q

What is the distal insertion of serratus posterior superior

A

ribs 2-5, lateral to angles

50
Q

What are the actions serratus posterior inferior and superior

A

to elevate and depress ribs

accessory respiratory muscle

51
Q

What is the innervation for serratus posterior inferior and superior

A

segmental anterior rami (intercostal nerves)

52
Q

What is the blood supply of serratus posterior inferior and superior

A

intercostal arteries

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy (12 decks)

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