the back and spinal cord Flashcards

1
Q

how many cervical vertebrae are there

A

7

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2
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae are there

A

12

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3
Q

how many lumbar vertebrae are there

A

5

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4
Q

how many sacral vertebrae are there?

A

5

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5
Q

how many coccygeal vertebrae are there

A

4

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6
Q

c1?

A

atlas

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7
Q

c2

A

axis

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8
Q

c7

A

vertebral prominence

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9
Q

the intervertebral discs consist of?

A

nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosis

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10
Q

what connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae?

A

ligamentous flavum

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11
Q

anterolateral aspects of the body and discs are connected by the

A

anterior longitudinal ligament

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12
Q

the tips of the spinous processes are connected by

A

supraspinous ligament

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13
Q

adjacent vertebrae are joined by

A

interspinous ligaments

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14
Q

a lumbar puncture is performed in an adult

A

L3/L4

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15
Q

a lumbar puncture is performed in a child

A

L4/L5

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16
Q

thoracic region permits movement in the

A

coronal plane
rotation and lateral flexion
but also permits some flexion/extension in the lower regions

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17
Q

lumbar region permits movement in the

A

sagittal plane
lateral flexion
extension
flexion

18
Q

cervical region permits movement in the

A
horizontal transverse plane 
flexion
lateral flexion
rotation
extension
19
Q

where does the spinal cord terminate in an adult

A

L1/L2

20
Q

where does the spinal cord terminate in a child

A

L3

21
Q

L2-C1 form

A

the cauda equina

22
Q

what structure is present at L2

A

conus medullaris

23
Q

what attaches and provides the spinal cord stability

A

the filum terminale

24
Q

the sympathetic nerves emerge from

A

T1-L2

25
Q

parasympathetic nerves emerge from

A

S2-S4 and cranial

26
Q

to what level does the dural sac descend to

A

S2

27
Q

the thoracic duct starts at the

A

cisterna chyli

28
Q

facet joints on the vertebrae are

A

synovial plane

29
Q

the joints with ribs are

A

synovial plane

30
Q

skull and atlas joint is

A

synovial ellipsoid

31
Q

synovial and axis joint is

A

synovial pivot

32
Q

thoracic sympathetic nerves emerge from

A

T1-T4

33
Q

abdominal sympathetic splanchnic nerves emerge from

A

T5-L3

34
Q

general autonomic sensory fibres from organs run with

A

parasympathetic fibres

35
Q

pain impulses from organ run with

A

sympathetic fibres

36
Q

autonomic sensory fibres enter through the

A

dorsal root of the spinal nerve.

37
Q

thoracic duct drains into

A

the junction of the left internal jugular and the left subclavian vein

38
Q

the right lymphatic duct drains into

A

the right internal jugular and right subclavian veins

39
Q

the spinal nerves exit the vertebral column through

A

through the intervertebral column

40
Q

the dorsal root ganglion contains

A

pseudo unipolar sensory nerves