the back and spinal cord Flashcards
how many cervical vertebrae are there
7
how many thoracic vertebrae are there
12
how many lumbar vertebrae are there
5
how many sacral vertebrae are there?
5
how many coccygeal vertebrae are there
4
c1?
atlas
c2
axis
c7
vertebral prominence
the intervertebral discs consist of?
nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosis
what connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae?
ligamentous flavum
anterolateral aspects of the body and discs are connected by the
anterior longitudinal ligament
the tips of the spinous processes are connected by
supraspinous ligament
adjacent vertebrae are joined by
interspinous ligaments
a lumbar puncture is performed in an adult
L3/L4
a lumbar puncture is performed in a child
L4/L5
thoracic region permits movement in the
coronal plane
rotation and lateral flexion
but also permits some flexion/extension in the lower regions
lumbar region permits movement in the
sagittal plane
lateral flexion
extension
flexion
cervical region permits movement in the
horizontal transverse plane flexion lateral flexion rotation extension
where does the spinal cord terminate in an adult
L1/L2
where does the spinal cord terminate in a child
L3
L2-C1 form
the cauda equina
what structure is present at L2
conus medullaris
what attaches and provides the spinal cord stability
the filum terminale
the sympathetic nerves emerge from
T1-L2
parasympathetic nerves emerge from
S2-S4 and cranial
to what level does the dural sac descend to
S2
the thoracic duct starts at the
cisterna chyli
facet joints on the vertebrae are
synovial plane
the joints with ribs are
synovial plane
skull and atlas joint is
synovial ellipsoid
synovial and axis joint is
synovial pivot
thoracic sympathetic nerves emerge from
T1-T4
abdominal sympathetic splanchnic nerves emerge from
T5-L3
general autonomic sensory fibres from organs run with
parasympathetic fibres
pain impulses from organ run with
sympathetic fibres
autonomic sensory fibres enter through the
dorsal root of the spinal nerve.
thoracic duct drains into
the junction of the left internal jugular and the left subclavian vein
the right lymphatic duct drains into
the right internal jugular and right subclavian veins
the spinal nerves exit the vertebral column through
through the intervertebral column
the dorsal root ganglion contains
pseudo unipolar sensory nerves