embryology

Question 1

the 1 and 2nd aortic arches form the

Answer 1

maxillary arteries

Question 2

the 3rd aortic arch forms the

Answer 2

common carotid

Question 3

the left side of the fourth aortic arch forms the

Answer 3

arch of aorta

Question 4

the right side of the fourth aortic arch forms the

Answer 4

right subclavian artery

Question 5

the 6th left aortic arch forms the

Answer 5

left pulmonary artery and the ductus arteriosus

Question 6

the 6th right aortic arch forms the

Answer 6

right pulmonary artery

Question 7

great artery anomalies examples

Answer 7

aberrant subclavian artery
double aortic arch
patent ductus arteriosus
coarctation of the aorta

Question 8

the artery of the foregut forms

Answer 8

the celiac artery

Question 9

the vitelline artery of the midgut forms the

Answer 9

superior mesenteric artery

Question 10

the inferior mesenteric artery is formed by

Answer 10

the artery of the hindgut

Question 11

the proximal portions of the umbilical arteries form

Answer 11

internal iliac and superior vesical branches

Question 12

the distal portion of the umbilical arteries form the

Answer 12

obliterate and form the medial umbilical ligaments

Question 13

vitelline veins carry blood from

Answer 13

from the yolk sac to the sinus venosus

Question 14

vitelline veins form

Answer 14

portal vein
hepatocardiac portion of the inferior vena cava
liver sinusoids
superior mesenteric vein

Question 15

the right umbilical vein forms

Answer 15

degenerates completely

Question 16

left umbilical vein forms

Answer 16

obliterates and forms the ligamentum teres of the liver

Question 17

the ductus venosus forms

Answer 17

obliterates and forms the ligamentum venosum

Question 18

the cardinal veins forms

Answer 18

vena caval system

Question 19

venous system abnormalities

Answer 19

double IVC
absence of IVC
left SVC
double SVC

Question 20

what are the 4 primary lymphatic sacs

Answer 20

internal jugular
retroperitoneal lymph sac
cisterna chyli
iliac lymph

Question 21

the route of fetal circulation

Answer 21

aorta carrying deoxygenated blood
descending aorta
abdominal aorta
common iliac artery
umbilical artery
placenta
oxygenated blood along the umbilical veins

Question 22

the four major stages in heart development are

Answer 22

bilateral heat primordia
primitive heart tube
heart looping
atrial and ventricular septation
outflow tract septation

Question 23

pericardium is derived from

Answer 23

the intra embryonic coelom

Question 24

the sections of the primitive heart tube are

Answer 24

truncus arteriosus
bulbus cordis
ventricle
atrium
sinus venosus

Question 25

abnormal cardiac looping is called

Answer 25

dextrocardia

Question 26

name of the two septum and foramina

Answer 26

septum primum and foramen primum

septum secundum and foramen secundum

Question 27

the oval foramen perforates the

Answer 27

septum secundum

Question 28

failure to from the oval fossa from the fusing of the septum primum with the septum secundum is called

Answer 28

atrial septal defect.

Question 29

what are the four types of ASD?

Answer 29

foramen secundum defect
endocardial cushion defect with foramen primum defect
sinus venosus defect
common atrium

Question 30

the most common type of ventricular septal defect is

Answer 30

membranous

Question 31

the aortic sac forms

Answer 31

aortic arches

Question 32

the bulbis cordis forms

Answer 32

right ventricle

parts of the outflow tracts

Question 33

primitive ventricle forms

Answer 33

left ventricle

Question 34

primitive atrium forms

Answer 34

parts of right and left atria

Question 35

sinus venosus forms

Answer 35

superior vena cava right atrium

Question 36

transposition of great vessels are caused by

Answer 36

failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to take a spiral course
the defective migration of neural crest

Question 37

tetralogy of fallot is made up of 4 cardiac defects

Answer 37

pulmonary stenosis
ventricular septal defect
dextroposition of aorta
right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 38

vasculogenesis refers to

Answer 38

formation of NEW vessels

Question 39

angiogenesis refers to

Answer 39

growth of existing vessels