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Anatomy > detailed reproductive flashcards > Flashcards

detailed reproductive flashcards

1
Q

the superior pubic ramus has an oblique ridge called?

A

pecten pubis

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2
Q

thickening of the anterior part of the body of the pubis is the

A

pubic crest

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3
Q

pubic arch is produced by the

A

ischiopubic rami

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4
Q

greater pelvic posteriorly walls are

A

ilium , L5 and S1 vertebrae

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5
Q

levator ani consists of the

A

puborectalis, pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus.

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6
Q

pelvic floor consists of

A

formed by the pelvic diaphragm which consists of the levator ani and coccygeus muscles and the fascias.

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7
Q

pudendal nerve derived from the

A

anterior rami of S2-S4

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8
Q

pudendal nerve functions as

A

Main nerve of the perineum and chief sensory nerve of the external genitalia

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9
Q

what artery does the pudendal nerve accompany

A

internal pudendal artery

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10
Q

pudendal nerve leaves the pelvis via the

A

greater sciatic foramen between the piriformis and coccygeus

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11
Q

pudendal nerve continue past the greater sciatic foramen then

A

hooks around the ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament and enters the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen

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12
Q

pudendal nerve sensory supplies

A

posterior scrotal or labial branches and the deep perineal branch that supplies the deep and superficial pouches, skin of the vestibule of the vagina, inferior part of the vagina and he dorsal nerve of the penis or clitoris.

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13
Q

seminal glands are located

A

lies between the fundus of the bladder and the rectum. Obliquely placed structures superiorly to the prostate. Closely related to the rectum

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14
Q

prostate 2/3’rds is and one third is

A

2/3rd’s is glandular other third is fibromuscular

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15
Q

ligament of the ovary attaches

A

attaches the uterus posterior inferior to the uterotubal junction

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16
Q

round ligament of the uterus attaches

A

attaches anteriorly inferiorly to the uterotubal junction

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17
Q

broad ligament of the uterus attaches

A

extends from the sides of the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis. Centres the uterus but contains the ovaries, uterine tubes and related structures as well as vasculature.

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18
Q

transverse cervical (cardinal ligament) attaches to

A

extend from the cervix and lateral parts of the fornix of the vagina to the lateral walls of the pelvis

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19
Q

uterosacral ligaments attaches to

A

pass superiorly and slightly posteriorly from the sides of the cervix to the middle of the sacrum.

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20
Q

external iliac lymph nodes drain

A

inguinal nodes, pelvic viscera especially the superior anterior pelvic organs, they then drain into the common lymph nodes

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21
Q

internal iliac lymph nodes drain

A

receives drainage from inferior pelvic viscera, deep perineum, gluteal region and drains into the common iliac nodes

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22
Q

sacral lymph nodes drain

A

posterior inferior pelvic viscera and drain either to internal or common iliac nodes

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23
Q

common iliac lymph nods drain

A

receive from sacral, internal and external. Passes to aortic and lumbar

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24
Q

rectovesical pouch is produced by

A

reflected peritoneum from bladder and seminal glands onto rectum

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25
Q

vesico-uterine pouch is produced by

A

where the peritoneum is reflected anteriorly from the uterus onto the posterior margin on the superior surface of the bladder.

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26
Q

recto-uterine pouch is produced by

A

reflects from vagina onto rectum forming recto-uterine pouch

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27
Q

anterior division of the internal iliac supplies

A

pelvic viscera and muscles in medial compartment of thigh

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28
Q

obturator artery supplies

A

pelvic muscles, ilium and head of femur

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29
Q

superior vesical artery supplies

A

superior aspect of urinary bladder

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30
Q

inferior vesical artery supplies

A

urinary bladder, pelvic part of ureter, seminal gland and prostate

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31
Q

middle rectal artery supplies

A

seminal gland, prostate and rectum

32
Q

internal pudendal artery supplies

A

perineum, muscles of anal canal, skin and urogenital triangle

33
Q

inferior gluteal artery supplies

A

piriformis, coccygeus, levator ani, gluteal muscles

34
Q

uterine artery supplies

A

pelvic part of ureter, uterus, ligament of uterus, uterine tube and vagina

35
Q

vaginal artery supplies

A

vagina and branches to inferior part of urinary bladder

36
Q

gonadal artery supplies

A

testis and ovaries

37
Q

iliolumbar artery supplies

A

iliacus, psoas major, quadratus lumborum, cauda equina

38
Q

superior gluteal artery supplies

A

gluteal muscles and tensor fascia latae

39
Q

pudendal canal is

A

horizontal passage within the obturator fascia

40
Q

pudendal canal begins and end

A

Begins at the border of t ischio-anal fossa and runs from the lesser sciatic notch to the posterior edge of the perineal membrane

41
Q

pudendal canal contains

A

the internal pudendal artery, vein and nerve enter with the nerve to the obturator internus

42
Q

obturator internus function and innervation

A

nerve to obturator internus. Laterally rotates hip joint, assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum.

43
Q

piriformis function and innervation

A

laterally rotates hip joint, abducts head of hip joint, assists in holding femur head. Anterior rami of S1 and S2.

44
Q

menopause anatomical effects

A

ovaries shrink in size, contain very few follicles. Uterus and the breasts decrease in size. The vaginal mucosa becomes atrophic and dry

45
Q

mammary glands are attached to the dermis of the overlying skin by

A

suspensory ligaments

46
Q

blood supply of the breasts

A

medial mammary branches of perforating branches originating from the subclavian artery. Mammary branches of lateral thoracic and thoraco-acromial arteries which are branches of axillary artery and the posterior intercostal arteries.

47
Q

lymphatic drainage of the breast

A

most lymph, especially from the lateral quadrant drains to the axillary lymph

48
Q

most lymph drains to which node in the breast?

A

pectoral nodes

49
Q

medial breast quadrant lymphatic drain to

A

parasternal lymph nodes or to the opposite breast.

50
Q

inferior breast quadrant lymphatic pass to

A

abdominal lymph nodes

51
Q

female lumbar lymph nodes drain

A

gonads, common iliac nodes (ovary, uterine tube)

52
Q

inferior mesenteric lymph nodes drain

A

superiormost rectum, sigmoid colon, descending colon, pararectal nodes

53
Q

male lumbar lymph nodes drain

A

urethra, testis, epididymis

54
Q

female internal iliac lymph nodes drain

A

inferior pelvic structures, deep perineal structures, sacral nodes

55
Q

male internal iliac lymph nodes drain

A

external and iliac lymph nodes

56
Q

external iliac lymph nodes drain

A

inferior pelvic structures, deep perineal structures, sacral nodes

57
Q

superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain in men

A

lower limb superficial drainage of inferior lateral quadrant of trunk including abdominal wall inferior to umbilicus, gluteal region, superficial perineal structures

58
Q

superficial inguinal lymph nodes in female drain too

A

lower limb superficial drainage of inferior lateral quadrant of trunk, including anterior abdominal wall inferior to umbilicus, gluteal region, superficial perineal structures

59
Q

deep inguinal lymph nodes drain in females

A

glans clitoris, superficial nodes

60
Q

sacral lymph nodes in females drain

A

posterior-inferior pelvic structures, inferior rectum, inferior vagina

61
Q

deep inguinal lymph nodes drain in men

A

glans penis, superficial inguinal nodes, distal spongey urethra

62
Q

sacral lymph nodes drain in men

A

posterior inferior pelvic structures, inferior rectum

63
Q

pararectal lymph nodes drain

A

superior rectum

64
Q

sympathetic supply of the anus is via the

A

from the lumbar spinal cord conveyed via the lumbar splanchnic nerves and the hypogastric pelvic plexus and through the periarterial plexuses

65
Q

parasympathetic supply of the anus is supplies via the

A

from S2-S4 spinal cord level passing via the pelvic splanchnic S2-S4 and inferior hypogastric plexuses to the rectal pelvis

66
Q

layers of the spermatic cord

A

external spermatic fascia, cremaster muscle and fascia, internal spermatic fascia.

67
Q

anatomy of the shaft of the penis is

A

the paired erectile cavernous tissue corpora cavernosa and the single corpus spongiosum. Each body is surrounded by a fibrous tunica albuginea. The corpora cavernosa are fused with each other in the median plane posteriorly except when they separate to form the crura of the penis

68
Q

root of the penis consists of

A

root of the penis consists of crura, bulb and ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles.

69
Q

glans of the penis is formed by the

A

corpus spongiosum

70
Q

parasympathetic influence of the penis

A

parasympathetic stimulation by the cavernous nerves closes the arteriovenous anastomoses. Simultaneously the smooth muscle in the fibrous trabeculae is inhibited. Blood fills the sinuses of the corpora of the penis. The bulbospongiosus and the ischiocavernosus reflexively contracts by compressing the veins of the corpora cavernosa. As the corpus muscles become engorged with blood, the erectile bodies become rigid. S2-S4

71
Q

sympathetic influence on the penis

A

emission of semen L1-L2

72
Q

labia majora is

A

prominent folds of skin around the pudendal cleft. Indirectly provides protection for the urethral and vaginal orifices. Largely filled with subcutaneous fat containing smooth muscle and the termination of the round ligament of the uterus.

73
Q

labia minora is

A

– folds of fat free hairless skin. They have a spongey connective tissue containing erectile tissue.

74
Q

vestibule is the

A

space surrounded by the labia minora. Contains the opening of the urethra, vagina and ducts of the greater and lesser vestibular glands.

75
Q

bulbs of the vestibule is the

A

paired masses of elongated erectile tissue that lie along the sides of the vaginal orifice under cover of the bulbospongiosus muscles

76
Q

vestibular glands is the

A

located on each side of the vestibule, both are partially surrounded by the bulbospongiosus muscle. These glands secrete mucous into the vestibule during sexual arousal.

77
Q

parasympathetic stimulation of the female sexual function

A

produces increased vaginal secretion, erection of clitoris , and engorgement of erectile tissue in the bulbs of the vestibule.

Anatomy (18 decks)

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