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Anatomy > MSK workbook > Flashcards

MSK workbook Flashcards

1
Q

anterior of the wall of the axilla is formed by

A

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscle

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2
Q

posterior wall of the axilla is formed by

A

latissimus dorsi muscle

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3
Q

medial wall of the axilla is formed by the

A

thoracic wall and serratus anterior muscle

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4
Q

lateral wall of the axilla is formed by the

A

intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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5
Q

the axillary artery is the continuation of which artery

A

subclavian

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6
Q

what anatomical point does the axillary artery begin

A

lateral border of the 1st rib

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7
Q

axillary artery continues as the

A

brachial

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8
Q

what anatomical point does the name of the axillary artery change into the brachial

A

inferior border of the teres major

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9
Q

clinical compression of the axillary artery may be necessary when

A

there is severe bleeding of the upper limb

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10
Q

enlargement of which lymph nodes is common in infection in the upper limb

A

axillary lymph nodes

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11
Q

brachial plexus is formed by the ventral rami of

A

C5-T1

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12
Q

what’s erbs point

A

C5 and C6

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13
Q

what nerve roots form the upper trunk

A

C5 and C6

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14
Q

Erb’s Palsy description

A

medially rotated with wrist flexed

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15
Q

cause of Erb’s Palsy

A

hyperextension of the head from the shoulder

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16
Q

Klumpke’s palsy nerve roots

A

c8 and T1

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17
Q

Lower trunk of the brachial plexus refers to

A

C8 and T1

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18
Q

muscles affected by Klumpke’s palsy

A

intrinsic muscles of hand and ulnar flexors of the wrist and fingers

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19
Q

cause of Klumpke’s palsy

A

undue abduction of the arm

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20
Q

branches of the lateral cord of brachial plexus

A

lateral pectoral, lateral root of median nerve, musculocutaneous

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21
Q

branches of medial cord of brachial plexus

A

medial pectoral, ulnar nerve, medial cutaneous nerve of arm, medial cutaneous nerve of forearm, medial root of median nerve

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22
Q

branches of posterior cord of brachial plexus

A

thoracodorsal nerve, axillary nerve, radial nerve, subscapular nerve

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23
Q

posterior veins of the hand

A

cephalic, basilic, and dorsal venous network

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24
Q

the cephalic vein arises at what end of the dorsal aspect of the hand

A

lateral end of the dorsal venous arch

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25
Q

basilic vein arises at what end of the dorsal aspect of the hand

A

medial end of the dorsal venous arch

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26
Q

median cubital nerve shunts blood from what and to

A

cephalic vein to the basilic vein

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27
Q

dermatome of the thumb

A

C6

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28
Q

dermatome of the index finger

A

C7

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29
Q

dermatome of the pinky is the

A

c8

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30
Q

axillary lymph nodes consist of

A 
anterior/pectoral 
posterior/subscapular
apical
central
lateral
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31
Q

the entire upper limb and pectoral girdle articulates at one small joint only, which one?

A

acromioclavicular joint

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32
Q

what type of joint is AC

A

gliding/plane

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33
Q

sc joint is what type of joint?

A

saddle

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34
Q

scapular elevation is by

A

levator scapulae and partly trapezius

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35
Q

scapular depression is by

A

inferior trapezius

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36
Q

scapular protraction is by

A

serratus anterior

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37
Q

scapular retraction is by

A

trapezius and rhomboids

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38
Q

scapular lateral upward rotation is by

A

trapezius descending and ascending

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39
Q

scapular medial upward rotation is by

A

gravity, levator scapulae, the rhomboids, and pectoralis minor

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40
Q

the labrum consists of

A

fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum

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41
Q

what are the ligaments of the shoulder

A

joint capsule, coracohumeral, coracoacromial, transversus humeral ligament, glenohumeral ligaments

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42
Q

coracohumeral ligament strengthens what aspect

A

superior joint capsule

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43
Q

the coraco-acromial arch consists of

A

made up of the acromion, coracoid process of the scapula and acromial arch ligament

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44
Q

the coraco-acromial arch prevents what direction of displacement

A

superior

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45
Q

what direction is most prone to dislocation in the shoulder

A

anteriorly

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46
Q

which bursae communicates with the joint cavity

A

subscapular

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47
Q

what is the role of the subacromial bursae

A

facilitates movement of supraspinatus tendon

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48
Q

rotator cuff muscle’s most important role is

A

supports the joint

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49
Q

anterior fibres of deltoid assists

A

flexion and medially rotates

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50
Q

middle fibres of the deltoid assists

A

abduction

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51
Q

posterior fibres of the deltoid assists

A

extension and lateral rotation

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52
Q

deltoid nerve supply

A

axillary C5, C6

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53
Q

in what common injury is the axillary nerve injured

A

surgical neck of the humerus fracture

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54
Q

loss of the axillary nerve would result in the loss of what sensation

A

badge area of the deltoid

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55
Q

pectoralis major fibres originate from

A

medial third of the clavicle, sternum, ribs

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56
Q

pectoralis major role on the shoulder is

A

medial rotation and adduction

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57
Q

which vein is found in the deltopectoral triangle

A

cephalic vein

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58
Q

nerve supply of the serratus anterior is

A

long thoracic nerve, C6, C7

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59
Q

if the long thoracic nerve is injured what sign is evident

A

winged scapula

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60
Q

what procedure may cause a winged scapula via long thoracic nerve injury

A

lymph node biopsy

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61
Q

superior fibres of the trapezius action on the scapula

A

elevates

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62
Q

middles fibres of the trapezius action on the scapula

A

retracts

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63
Q

the inferior fibres of the trapezius action on the scapula

A

depresses

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64
Q

trapezius is innervated by

A

spinal accessory nerve

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65
Q

what are the actions of the teres major on the shoulder joint

A

adducts and medially rotates

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66
Q

latissimus dorsi action on the shoulder joint

A

medially rotates

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67
Q

flexion of the shoulder joint movements are by which shoulder joint muscles

A

deltoid anterior

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68
Q

extension of the shoulder joint movements are by which shoulder joint muscles

A

deltoid posterior

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69
Q

adduction of the shoulder joint movements are by which shoulder joint muscles

A

teres major, subscapularis

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70
Q

abduction of the shoulder joint movements are by which shoulder joint muscles

A

middle part of the deltoid, supraspinatus

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71
Q

medial or internal rotation of the shoulder joint movements are by which shoulder joint muscles

A

subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major

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72
Q

lateral or external rotation of the shoulder joint movements are by which shoulder joint muscles

A

teres minor, infraspinatous muscle deltoid posterior

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73
Q

biceps brachii originates from

A

from the scapula by two heads

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74
Q

both heads of the biceps brachii ends at

A

distal third of the upper arm with a short tendon that inserts into the tuberosity of the radius

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75
Q

which head of the biceps arise from the coracoid process along with the coracobrachialis

A

short head

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76
Q

what is the action of the biceps on the shoulder and the elbow joint

A

flexes

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77
Q

action of the biceps on the superior radio-ulnar joint

A

powerful supinator

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78
Q

nerve supply to the biceps is

A

musculocutaneous nerve C5/C6

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79
Q

what part of the brachial trunk supplies the biceps

A

lateral cord, superior and middle trunk

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80
Q

corachobrachialis originates from

A

tip of the coracoid process

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81
Q

corachobrachialis inserts into

A

medial margin of the humerus around the muscle

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82
Q

what is the action of the corachobrachialis on the shoulder joint

A

flexes and adducts the shoulder

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83
Q

neve supply of the corachobrachialis

A

musculocutaneous nerve C6

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84
Q

brachialis originates from

A

distal half of the shaft of the humerus

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85
Q

brachialis inserts into

A

the coronoid process of the ulna

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86
Q

brachialis is covered by

A

biceps brachii

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87
Q

main action of the brachialis

A

flexion of the elbow joint

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88
Q

nerve supply of the brachialis muscle

A

c6 musculocutaneous

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89
Q

musculocutaneous enters the arm by

A

perforating the coraco-brachialis

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90
Q

musculocutaneous nerve continues as the

A

lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

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91
Q

does the musculocutaneous nerve supply any muscles in the forearm?

A

N/A

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92
Q

knife in the axilla could cause

A

paralysis of the axillary nerve

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93
Q

brachial artery divides into

A

radial and ulnar

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94
Q

profundal brachii is the main branch of what?

A

deep artery of the brachial artery

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95
Q

median nerve arises from

A

one medial cord and one from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus

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96
Q

median nerve in the upper arm travels along

A

descends along the lateral artery and upper part of the brachial artery, in the middle part of the arm the nerve crosses to the medial side of the brachial artery and enters the cubital fossa

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97
Q

does the median nerve give any branches in the axilla and upper arm?

A

no

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98
Q

ulnar nerve arises from

A

the medial cord of the brachial plexus

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99
Q

ulnar nerve upper arm pathway

A

travels along the medial side of the brachial artery and enters the posterior compartment of the arm through the intermuscular septum and runs along the medial head of the triceps and to the back of the medial epicondyle

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100
Q

radial nerve site of damage

A

radial groove

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101
Q

ulnar nerve site of damage

A

medial epicondyle

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102
Q

axillary nerve site of damage

A

surgical neck

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103
Q

base of the fossa is an imaginary line drawn between the two

A

brachialis and supinator

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104
Q

medial border is formed by the which muscle

A

pronator teres

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105
Q

lateral border is formed by the which muscle

A

brachioradialis

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106
Q

triceps long head originates from

A

scapula

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107
Q

triceps two shorter heads originates form

A

the humerus

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108
Q

common tendon of the triceps originates by the

A

olecranon process of the ulna

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109
Q

olecranon process and coronoid process are parts of which forearm bone

A

ulna

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110
Q

main action of the triceps on the elbow joint

A

extensor

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111
Q

anconeus muscle action on the elbow

A

stabilizes joint and extension

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112
Q

nerve supply to the anconeus muscle and triceps

A

radial nerve

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113
Q

radial nerve from the brachial plexus is by

A

posterior cord of the brachial plexus

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114
Q

radial nerve innervates

A

extensor compartment of arm and forearm

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115
Q

radial nerve journey

A

enters arm anterior to the long head of the triceps and runs with the profundal femoris artery and curves around the midshaft region of the humerus in the radial groove

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116
Q

characteristic sign of radial nerve injury

A

wrist drop

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117
Q

ligaments of the elbow joint

A

medial ulnar collateral ligament, lateral radial collateral ligament and annular ligament

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118
Q

annular ligament supports which bone

A

head of the radius

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119
Q

bursitis of the elbow refers to

A

injury, infection from abrasions of the skin covering the olecranon. repeated excessive pressure and friction produces inflammation

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120
Q

elbow joint is what type of joint

A

hinge

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121
Q

radio ulnar joint is what type of joint

A

pivot

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122
Q

main muscles for supination

A

supinator, biceps brachii

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123
Q

main muscles for pronation

A

pronator teres, pronator quadratus

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124
Q

what other muscles assist supination

A

extensor pollicis longus, extensor carpi radialis longus

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125
Q

what other muscles assist pronation

A

flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and brachioradialis

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126
Q

stronger supinator of the forearm

A

biceps brachii

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127
Q

most powerful pronator of the forearm

A

pronator teres

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128
Q

superficial muscles of the front of the forearm

A

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

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129
Q

the common flexor origin of the superficial muscles of the forearm is the

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus

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130
Q

pronator teres innervation

A

median nerve

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131
Q

apart from flexing the wrist the flexor carpi ulnaris also does what to the wrist?

A

adduction

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132
Q

apart from flexing the wrist the flexor carpi ulnaris also does what to the wrist?

A

abducts

133
Q

the flexor carpi ulnaris is innervated by the

A

ulnar nerve

134
Q

the 3 other superficial flexor muscles of the forearm are supplied by the

A

median nerve

135
Q

action of the brachioradialis

A

flexion at the elbow joint whilst assisting in pronation/supination

136
Q

innervation of the brachioradialis

A

radial nerve

137
Q

in general the radial nerve supplies

A

only extensor muscles bar the brachioradialis

138
Q

intermediate group of the forearm anterior flexors muscle is the

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

139
Q

the flexor digitorum superficialis is superior to the

A

flexor digitorum profundus

140
Q

the flexor digitorum superficialis gives rise to how many tendons?

A

4

141
Q

on which phalanx does the flexor digitorum superficialis insert into

A

intermediate phalanxes

142
Q

the function of the flexor digitorum superficialis is to

A

flex the wrist, metacarpophalangeal and the interphalangeal joints

143
Q

what nerve supplies the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

the median nerve

144
Q

the deep muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm are in contact with what?

A

the bones and interosseous membrane

145
Q

the deep muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm consist of

A

the flexor digitorum profundus, the flexor pollicis longus and the pronator quadratus

146
Q

main action of the flexor digitorum profundus is to

A

flex the wrist and finger joints

147
Q

which part of the flexor digitorum profundus is innervated by the ulnar nerve

A

medial part (4/5)

148
Q

which part of the digitorum profundus is innervated by the median nerve

A

lateral part 2+3

149
Q

the function of the flexor pollicis longus is to

A

long flexor of the thumb

150
Q

pronator quadratus origin

A

in front of the ulna

151
Q

innervation of the flexor pollicis longus

A

median nerve

152
Q

insertion of the pronator quadratus

A

the radius

153
Q

action of the pronator quadratus is

A

pronates forearm and median nerve

154
Q

the median nerve is the main nerve of what compartment

A

the anterior

155
Q

in relation to the brachial artery the median nerve is

A

medial

156
Q

the median nerve doesn’t supply what muscles in the forearm

A

flexor carpi ulnaris and the median half of the flexor digitorum profundus

157
Q

does the median nerve enter the hand by passing below or above the flexor retinaculum

A

below

158
Q

the ulnar nerve enters the forearm by passing through the

A

heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

159
Q

the lie of the ulnar nerve to the ulnar artery

A

medial

160
Q

two terminal branches of the brachial artery are the

A

ulnar and radial artery

161
Q

is the ulnar artery more lateral or medial than to the radial artery/

A

medial

162
Q

the carpal tunnel is a

A

passageway deep to the flexor retinaculum

163
Q

the lateral wall of the carpal tunnel is the

A

scaphoid and trapezium

164
Q

the medial wall of the carpal tunnel is the

A

pisiform and hamate bone

165
Q

contents of the carpal tunnel

A

median nerve
4 tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis
4 tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
1 tendon of flexor pollicis longus

166
Q

The thenar muscles form the

A

thenar eminence of the lateral part of the palm

167
Q

the thenar muscle main action is for

A

apposition of the thumb

168
Q

what 3 muscles make up the thenar eminence

A

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

169
Q

what nerve innervates the thenar eminence

A

the median nerve

170
Q

the hypothenar muscles lay on what part of the palm

A

the medial side

171
Q

what muscles make up the hypothenar eminence

A

abductor digit minimi
flexor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi

172
Q

which nerve innervates all the hypothenar muscles

A

ulnar

173
Q

the two heads of the adductor pollicis

A

transverse and oblique head

174
Q

which nerve innervates the adductor pollicis

A

ulnar

175
Q

action of the adductor pollicis on the thumb

A

adducts thumb lateral border of the palm

176
Q

from which flexor tendon does the lumbricals originate

A

tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus

177
Q

the lumbrical muscles action

A

flex the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joint and simultaneously extend the interphalangeal joint of the 2nd to 5th digits

178
Q

the medial lumbricals are innervated by the

A

ulnar nerve

179
Q

the lateral lumbricals are innervated by the

A

median nerve

180
Q

the interossei are present between

A

the metacarpal bones, 4 dorsal and 3 palmar

181
Q

DAB

A

dorsal interossei abduct the fingers

182
Q

PAD

A

palmar interossei adduct the fingers

183
Q

which nerve innervates the dorsal and palmar interossei muscles

A

ulnar

184
Q

the main superficial palmar arch main tributary is the

A

ulnar artery

185
Q

the radial nerve supplies what on the hand?

A

the dorsal sensory aspect of the hand

186
Q

the ulnar nerve innervates most the intrinsic muscles of the hand apart form the

A

thenar and 1 + 2 lumbricals

187
Q

the wrist joint is what type of joint

A

synovial condyloid

188
Q

what bones from the proximal part of the joint of the hand

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum and pisiform

189
Q

what bones form the distal articular joint of the hand

A

hamate, capitate, trapezium and trapezoid

190
Q

what is the action of the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis on the wrist joint

A

both extend and abduct the wrist joint

191
Q

muscles that extend, abduct or adduct the hand at the wrist joint

A

extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris

192
Q

muscles that extend the medial four digits

A

extensor digitorum
extensor indicis
extensor digit minimi

193
Q

the extensor digitorum arises from the

A

common extensor origin from the lateral epicondyle

194
Q

muscles that extend or abduct the thumb are the

A

abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus

195
Q

which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

radial

196
Q

extensor digitorum action

A

extends medial 4 digits at the MCP joint

197
Q

the deep branch of the radial nerve is also known as the

A

posterior interosseous nerve

198
Q

what two bones can you feel in the anatomical snuff box

A

scaphoid and trapezium

199
Q

the four extensor digitorum tendons flatten to form

A

extensor expansions

200
Q

extensor expansion description

A

triangular aponeurosis that wraps around the dorsum and sides of the head of the metacarpal and base of the proximal phalanx

201
Q

muscles that attach to the extensor expansion

A

lumbricals, dorsal and palmar interossei

202
Q

two superficial veins of the lower limbs

A

great saphenous and small saphenous

203
Q

which superficial vein ascends anterior to the medial malleolus

A

greater saphenous vein

204
Q

which vein ascends posterior to the lateral malleolus

A

small saphenous vein

205
Q

which superficial vein empties into the femoral vein

A

greater saphenous

206
Q

which superficial vein empties into the popliteal vein

A

small saphenous vein

207
Q

important lymph node groups of the lower limb are the

A

superficial inguinal ring, deep inguinal and popliteal

208
Q

enlargement of the inguinal lymph nodes are common following

A

infection of the lower limb and trunk inferior to the umbilicus such as the perineum

209
Q

knee dermatome is the

A

L3

210
Q

small toe dermatome is the

A

S1

211
Q

big toe dermatome is the

A

L5

212
Q

the hip to femur joint is what type of joint

A

ball and socket

213
Q

what is the acetabular labrum made of

A

fibro-cartilage

214
Q

function of the acetabular labrum is

A

to increase depth of the socket

215
Q

the ligaments of the hip are

A 
ischiofemoral
pubofemoral
obturator
sacrospinous
sacrotuberous
216
Q

movements permitted at the hip joint are the

A

flexion/extension, abduction, adduction, external rotation/ internal rotation and circumduction

217
Q

hip flexors are

A

iliacus
psoas
pectineus

218
Q

chief flexor of the thigh

A

iliopsoas

219
Q

which muscle is the main extensor of the hip joint

A

gluteus maximus

220
Q

other extensors of the hip are

A

hamstrings and adductor magnus posterior

221
Q

the adductor muscles are in which compartment of the lower limb

A

medial compartment of the thigh at the hip joint

222
Q

the adductor compartment is generally supplied by which nerve?

A

the obturator nerve

223
Q

obturator nerve exits the pelvis by the

A

obturator canal which passes through the obturator foramen

224
Q

gluteal muscles insert into the

A

greater trochanter of the femur

225
Q

importance of the hip abductors

A

raising the limb from the ground the pelvis become unsupported and drop the abductors on the opposite prevents this

226
Q

injury to the gluteal muscles results in what gait?

A

trendelenberg gait

227
Q

lateral rotators (external) of the hip are

A

gluteus minimis, piriformis, obturator internus, two smaller muscles accompany the gemelli twins and there is the quadratus femoris

228
Q

quadriceps femoris is a (description)

A

four headed muscle which forms the bulk of the anterior thigh region

229
Q

four heads of the quadriceps femoris

A

vastus intermedius
rectus femoris
vastus laterlis
vastus medialis

230
Q

which nerve innervates this anterior group of lower limbs muscles

A

femoral nerve

231
Q

what is the action of the rectus femoris on the hip joint

A

extends the knee joint, synergistically flexes the hip with the iliopsoas

232
Q

quadriceps muscles majority are hip flexors or knee extensors?

A

knee extensors

233
Q

sartorius muscle description

A

think ribbon like muscle that is the most superficial muscle in the anterior thigh

234
Q

3 actions of the sartorius muscle on the hip

A

flexes, abducts and laterally

235
Q

what is the main action of the sartorius on the knee joint

A

flexes the leg

236
Q

what nerve innervates the medial thigh muscles

A

obturator nerve

237
Q

which structures pass through the adductor hiatus

A

the femoral artery and vein

238
Q

femoral artery is a continuation of which artery?

A

E. iliac

239
Q

femoral artery enters the thigh between which 2 bony landmarks

A

ASIS and pubic tubercle

240
Q

name the large branch of the femoral artery which passes posteriorly toward the hamstrings

A

profundal femoral

241
Q

femoral vein is the continuation of the

A

popliteal vein

242
Q

to which part of the tibia does the patellar ligament attach

A

tibial tuberosity

243
Q

which two important veins drain into the femoral triangle

A

profundal femoris vein and great saphenous

244
Q

muscles supplied by the femoral nerve

A

sartorius, pectineus, iliacus, rectus femoris

245
Q

the medial boundary of the femoral triangle is the

A

adductor longus

246
Q

lateral boundary of the femoral triangle is the

A

sartorius muscle

247
Q

the base of the femoral triangle is the

A

inguinal ligament

248
Q

lateral part of the femoral sheath is the

A

femoral artery

249
Q

intermediate part of the femoral sheath is the

A

femoral vein

250
Q

medial part of the femoral sheath is the

A

canal

251
Q

contents of the femoral canal are

A

fat, connective tissue, deep inguinal lymph nodes

252
Q

femoral hernia’s are more common in men or women?

A

women

253
Q

femoral neurovascular structures pass from the adductor hiatus within the tendon of the adductor magnus into

A

the popliteal fossa

254
Q

nerve roots of the ventral rami of the lumbar plexus

A

L4-S4

255
Q

which sciatic foramen is the route for structures entering or leaving the pelvic

A

greater sciatic foramen

256
Q

which sciatic foramen is a route for structures entering or leaving the perineum

A

lesser foramen

257
Q

superficial layer of the gluteal region has

A

gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fasciae latae

258
Q

deep layer of the gluteal region has the

A

piriformis, obturator internus, superior and inferior gemelli, and quadratus femoris

259
Q

deep fascia of the thigh is called the

A

fascia lata

260
Q

which part of the fascia lata is called the iliotibial tract

A

laterally in the thigh

261
Q

what two muscles attached to the iliotibial tract

A

gluteus maximus and tensor fascia latae

262
Q

what are the actions of the gluteus maximus muscle

A

extends and lateral rotation

263
Q

gluteus maximus is innervated by the

A

inferior gluteal nerve

264
Q

what is the actions of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia latae

A

abductors and medial rotators of the hip joint

265
Q

which nerve innervates the gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fasciae latae

A

superior gluteal nerve

266
Q

the sacral plexus is anterior to which muscle

A

piriformis muscle

267
Q

what two nerves are the main branches of the sacral plexus

A

the sciatic nerve and pudendal nerve

268
Q

superior gluteal nerve root value

A

L4-S1

269
Q

inferior gluteal nerve root value

A

L5-S2

270
Q

other nerves of the sacral plexus

A

nerve to the piriformis, posterior femoral cutaneous, nerve to quadratus femoris, nerve to the obturator internus, pudendal nerve and nerve to the levator ani and coccygeus

271
Q

does the sciatic nerve supplies any muscle in the gluteal region

A

no

272
Q

the most lateral of the 3 muscles in the posterior region of the thigh muscles is called

A

biceps femoris

273
Q

the hamstring muscle names

A

biceps femoris long head
semitendinosus
semimembranous
short head of the biceps femoris

274
Q

hamstring action on the hip joint

A

extends

275
Q

hamstring action on the knee joint

A

flexes

276
Q

the knee joint is the

A

compound hinge, synovial joint

277
Q

the articular surfaces of the knee joint are the

A

medial and lateral condyles, tibia and posterior surface of patella

278
Q

which leg bone is not involved in the knee joint

A

fibula

279
Q

which muscle is important for stabilising the knee

A

hamstrings

280
Q

lateral collateral ligament extends from to

A

lateral epicondyle of the femur to the lateral surface of the head of the fibula (fibular collateral ligament)

281
Q

medial collateral ligament extends from to

A

medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial surface and upper part of the medial surface tibia

282
Q

at its mid point the medial collateral ligament is firmly attached to the

A

medial meniscus

283
Q

the anterior cruciate ligament prevents the femur from sliding..

A

posteriorly

284
Q

ACL blood supply

A

is very poor

285
Q

the posterior cruciate ligament prevents the femur from sliding ..

A

anteriorly

286
Q

main functions of the menisci

A

shock absorption and increase SA

287
Q

unhappy triad involves of the knee

A

ACL, medial collateral ligament and medial meniscus

288
Q

flexion of movement on the knee joint by muscles

A

Sartorius, gracilis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

289
Q

extension movement muscles responsible in regards to the knee

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, tensorfacia latae

290
Q

bursae of the knee

A

suprapatellar
subcutaneous pre-patellar
deep infra patellar
subcutaneous infrapatellar

291
Q

identify the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment

A

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
fibularis tertius

292
Q

what are the two divisions of sciatic nerve

A

tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

293
Q

which branch of the common fibular nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of leg

A

deep fibular nerve

294
Q

the lateral compartment of the thigh contains two muscles

A

fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

295
Q

the ankle joint is what type of joint

A

hinge

296
Q

the articular surfaces of the ankle are

A

distal end of the tibula and fibula with the superior part of the talus bone

297
Q

malleolar grip of the foot is strongest during

A

dorsiflexion

298
Q

ankle joint is unstable during the

A

plantar flexion

299
Q

which ligament of the ankle joint is the weakest?

A

lateral

300
Q

which ligament of the ankle joint is named the deltoid ligament

A

medial ligament

301
Q

dorsiflexion of the ankle joint is by the

A

anterior compartment - tibialis anterior, extensor hallicus longus and extensor digitorum longus

302
Q

plantar flexion of the ankle joint is by the

A

posterior compartment - gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis

303
Q

the proximal tibio-fibular joint is what sort of joint?

A

plane type of synovial joint

304
Q

the inferior tibio-fibular joint is what sort of joint?

A

fibrous joint

305
Q

upper medial border of the popliteal fossa is formed by the

A

semimembranosus muscle

306
Q

upper lateral border is formed by the popliteal fossa is formed by the

A

biceps femoris muscle

307
Q

the inferior border of the popliteal fossa is formed by

A

later and medial heads of the gastrocnemius

308
Q

the popliteal artery is the continuation of the

A

femoral artery as it emerges from the adductor hiatus

309
Q

superficial group of the posterior leg compartment muscles

A

chiefly gastrocnemius,

310
Q

innervation of the gastrocnemius

A

tibial nerve

311
Q

the function of the very long tendon plantaris

A

plantarflexion

312
Q

4 muscles make up the deep posterior compartment in the leg and they are

A

popliteus
tibial posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus

313
Q

what are the two terminal branches of the tibial nerve which innervates the intrinsic muscles of the foot

A

the medial plantar and lateral plantar nerves

314
Q

which important ligament helps in preventing the force against the arch of the foot

A

the plantar calcaneonavicular

315
Q

integrity of the foot arch passive factors

A

shape of the united bones
plantar ligaments
long plantar ligament
short plantar

316
Q

dynamic factors of maintaining the foot arch

A

intrinsic muscles of the foot
long flexor tendons
tendon of tibialis anterior and fibular longus

317
Q

surface marking of the femoral artery

A

mid-inguinal point, midpoint between the ASIS and pubic symphysis.

318
Q

which hip ligament is the weakest

A

ischiofemoral

319
Q

the two different heads of the pectoralis and their actions

A

The clavicular head flexes the humerus, and the sternocostal head adducts the humerus. As a whole the action is to adduct and medially rotate the humerus.

320
Q

Navel femoral triangle contents left to right

A

Nerve artery vein lymphatics

321
Q

radial never innervations BEAST

A

brachioradialis, the extensor muscles of the forearm, the anconeus muscle, and the supinator and triceps

322
Q

long head of biceps origin

A

supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

323
Q

innervation of the intrinsic muscle of the foot

A

Apart from the extensor digitorum brevis and the first two dorsal interosseous muscles, all the intrinsic muscles are innervated by branches of the tibial nerve

324
Q

first layer of the foot contains

A

Flexor digitorum brevis.

  1. Abductor hallucis.
  2. Abductor digiti minim
325
Q

order of muscles on the thenar and hypothenar surfaces

A

abductor then flexor

326
Q

which shoulder burase communicates with the joint

A

subscapular

327
Q

lateral cord look miss look

A

Look for Lateral pectoral (C5-C7)
Miss for Musculocutaneous (C5-C7)
Look for Lateral root of the median (C5-C7)

328
Q

most medical men use morphine medial cord

A 
Medial Pectoral (C8-T1)
Medial cutaneous nerve of arm (C8-T1)
Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm (C8-T1)
Median root of median (C8-T1)
Ulnar (C7-T1)
329
Q

posterior cord ULNAR

A 
U for upper Subscapular (C5-C6)
L for lower Subscapular (C5-C6)
N for Nerve to Latissimus dorsi? Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)
A for Axillary (C5-C6)
R for Radial (C5-T1)

Anatomy (18 decks)

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