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human gross anatomy > the back > Flashcards

the back Flashcards

1
Q

latissimus dorsi P

A

Propelling a wheelchair forward, Pushing downwards on the arms of a chair

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2
Q

latissimus dorsi MA

A

EXTENDS the shoulder
ADDUCTS the shoulder
INTERNALLY ROTATES (medially) the shoulder

(GHJ Joint)

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3
Q

latissimus dorsi PA

A
  • Inferior angle of scapula
  • Spinous Processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
    -Iliac Crest
  • Inferior 3 or 4 ribs
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4
Q

latissimus dorsi DA

A

Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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5
Q

latissimus dorsi N

A

Thoracodorsal nerve C6, C7, and C8

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6
Q

Trapezius P

A
  • Reaching for an object overhead (UT, LT)
  • Rowing a Kayak or Canoe (MT)
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7
Q

Trapezius MA

A

Upper Fibers:
- Bilaterally: Extend the head and neck
- Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side
- Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side
- Elevate the scapula (ST Joint)
- Upwardly rotate the scapula (ST Joint)

Middle Fibers:
- Adduct the scapula (ST Joint)
- Stabilize the scapula (ST Joint)

Lower Fibers:
- Depress the scapula (ST Joint)
- Upwardly Rotate the scapula (ST Joint)

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8
Q

trapezius PA

A
  • External occipital protuberance
  • Medial 1/3rd of superior nuchal line of the occiput
  • Ligamentum nuchae
  • SP of C7 and T12
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9
Q

trapezius DA

A
  • Lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
  • Acromion
  • Spine of scapula
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10
Q

trapezius N

A
  • Spinal accessory nerve (CN Xl)
  • Ventral Ramus C3 and C4 (pain and proprioceptive fibers)
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11
Q

levator scapulae P

A

Shrugging the shoulders, carrying a briefcase, or backpack on one shoulder

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12
Q

levator scapulae MA

A

Unilaterally:
- ELEVATE the scapulae
- DOWNWARDLY rotate the scapula

(ST Joint)

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13
Q

levator scapulae PA

A

Posterior tubercles of TP of C1 to C4

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14
Q

levator scapulae DA

A

Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine of scapula

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15
Q

levator scapulae N

A

Cervical C3 and C4 and dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5)

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16
Q

rhomboid major and minor P

A

Reaching into a back pocket

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17
Q

rhomboid major and minor MA

A
  • ADDUCT/ RETRACT the scapula
  • DOWNWARDLY rotate the scapula (ST Joint)
  • FIX scapula to thoracic wall (ST Joint)
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18
Q

rhomboid major and minor PA

A

Major: SP of T2 to T5
Minor: Nuchal ligament; SP of C7 to T1

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18
Q

rhomboid major and minor N

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

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18
Q

rhomboid major and minor DA

A

Major: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
Minor: medial border of the scapular spine

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19
Q

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis P

A

Social interaction, driving

20
Q

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis MA

A

Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes the neck and rotates the head to side of active muscles

Acting bilaterally: extend the head and neck

21
Q

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis PA

A

Nuchal ligament and SP C7-T6 Vertebrae

22
Q

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis DA

A

Splenius Capitis: Fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process and superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Splenius Cervicis: TP of C1-C4 vertebrae

23
Q

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis N

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

24
Q

Erector Spinae P

A

Maintaining an upright posture for ADLs/IADLs

25
Q

Erector Spinae MA

A

Unilaterally:
Laterally flex the vertebral column to the ipsilateral side

Bilaterally:
Extend the vertebral column

26
Q

Erector Spinae PA

A

TC Fascia that attaches to the posterior surface of the sacrum, iliac crest, and spinous processes of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae

27
Q

Erector Spinae DA

A
  • Ilicostalis: lower rib angles and cervical TP
  • Longissimus: between rib tubercles and angles to thoracic TP
  • Spinalis: upper thoracic SP and to cranium
28
Q

Erector Spinae N

A

Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves

29
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) P

A

Tai Chi or yoga (deep postural stability)

30
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) MA

A

Unilaterally: Rotates the vertebral column to the contralateral side

Bilaterally:
Extend the vertebral column locally

Stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

31
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) IA

A

TP of vertebrae

32
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) SA

A

SP of lumbar vertebrae through C2 (spans 1-2 vertebrae)

33
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) N

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

34
Q

Multifidus P

A

Tai chi or yoga (deep postural stability)

35
Q

Multifidus MA

A

Unilaterally:
Lateral Flexion and rotate contralaterally

Bilaterally:
Extends the vertebral column

Stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

36
Q

Multifidus IA

A

arises from posterior sacrum, PSUIS, aponeurosis of erector spinae, SI ligaments, mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, TP of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7

37
Q

Multifidus SA

A

thickest in lumbar region, fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of SP, located 2-4 segments superior to proximal attachment

38
Q

Multifidus N

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

39
Q

Semispinalis P

A

Using a computer workstation, looking overhead

40
Q

Semispinalis MA

A

Extends the head, neck, and thoracic spine

Rotates them contralaterally

41
Q

Semispinalis IA

A

TP of C4 to T12

42
Q

Semispinalis SA

A

Fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and SP in thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments

43
Q

Semispinalis N

A

cervical dorsal rami of spinal cervical nerves

44
Q

Suboccipitals P

A

Scanning a computer monitor, reading a boook

45
Q

Suboccipitals MA

A

Rectus capitis posterior major,minor, and oblique capitis superior- rock and tilt the head back into extension

Rectus capitis posterior major/ minor and oblique capitis inferior- rotate the head to the same side

Oblique capitis superior- laterally flex the head to the same side

46
Q

Suboccipitals N

A

Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1)

47
Q

Rectus capitis superior major Origin & Insertion

A

Origin: Spinous process of C2
Insertion: Lateral inferior nuchal line

48
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor

A

Origin: posterior tubercle vertebra C1
Insertion: Medial inferior nuchal line

49
Q

Oblique capitis inferior

A

Origin: SP of C2
Insertion: TP of C1

50
Q

Oblique capitis superior

A

Origin: TP of C1
Insertion: Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal line

human gross anatomy (8 decks)

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