the back Flashcards
latissimus dorsi P
Propelling a wheelchair forward, Pushing downwards on the arms of a chair
latissimus dorsi MA
EXTENDS the shoulder
ADDUCTS the shoulder
INTERNALLY ROTATES (medially) the shoulder
(GHJ Joint)
latissimus dorsi PA
- Inferior angle of scapula
- Spinous Processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
- Thoracolumbar fascia
-Iliac Crest - Inferior 3 or 4 ribs
latissimus dorsi DA
Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
latissimus dorsi N
Thoracodorsal nerve C6, C7, and C8
Trapezius P
- Reaching for an object overhead (UT, LT)
- Rowing a Kayak or Canoe (MT)
Trapezius MA
Upper Fibers:
- Bilaterally: Extend the head and neck
- Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side
- Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side
- Elevate the scapula (ST Joint)
- Upwardly rotate the scapula (ST Joint)
Middle Fibers:
- Adduct the scapula (ST Joint)
- Stabilize the scapula (ST Joint)
Lower Fibers:
- Depress the scapula (ST Joint)
- Upwardly Rotate the scapula (ST Joint)
trapezius PA
- External occipital protuberance
- Medial 1/3rd of superior nuchal line of the occiput
- Ligamentum nuchae
- SP of C7 and T12
trapezius DA
- Lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
- Acromion
- Spine of scapula
trapezius N
- Spinal accessory nerve (CN Xl)
- Ventral Ramus C3 and C4 (pain and proprioceptive fibers)
levator scapulae P
Shrugging the shoulders, carrying a briefcase, or backpack on one shoulder
levator scapulae MA
Unilaterally:
- ELEVATE the scapulae
- DOWNWARDLY rotate the scapula
(ST Joint)
levator scapulae PA
Posterior tubercles of TP of C1 to C4
levator scapulae DA
Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine of scapula
levator scapulae N
Cervical C3 and C4 and dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5)
rhomboid major and minor P
Reaching into a back pocket
rhomboid major and minor MA
- ADDUCT/ RETRACT the scapula
- DOWNWARDLY rotate the scapula (ST Joint)
- FIX scapula to thoracic wall (ST Joint)
rhomboid major and minor PA
Major: SP of T2 to T5
Minor: Nuchal ligament; SP of C7 to T1
rhomboid major and minor N
Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
rhomboid major and minor DA
Major: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
Minor: medial border of the scapular spine
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis P
Social interaction, driving
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis MA
Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes the neck and rotates the head to side of active muscles
Acting bilaterally: extend the head and neck
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis PA
Nuchal ligament and SP C7-T6 Vertebrae
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis DA
Splenius Capitis: Fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
Splenius Cervicis: TP of C1-C4 vertebrae
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis N
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Erector Spinae P
Maintaining an upright posture for ADLs/IADLs
Erector Spinae MA
Unilaterally:
Laterally flex the vertebral column to the ipsilateral side
Bilaterally:
Extend the vertebral column
Erector Spinae PA
TC Fascia that attaches to the posterior surface of the sacrum, iliac crest, and spinous processes of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae
Erector Spinae DA
- Ilicostalis: lower rib angles and cervical TP
- Longissimus: between rib tubercles and angles to thoracic TP
- Spinalis: upper thoracic SP and to cranium
Erector Spinae N
Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
Rotatores (brevis and longus) P
Tai Chi or yoga (deep postural stability)
Rotatores (brevis and longus) MA
Unilaterally: Rotates the vertebral column to the contralateral side
Bilaterally:
Extend the vertebral column locally
Stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column
Rotatores (brevis and longus) IA
TP of vertebrae
Rotatores (brevis and longus) SA
SP of lumbar vertebrae through C2 (spans 1-2 vertebrae)
Rotatores (brevis and longus) N
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Multifidus P
Tai chi or yoga (deep postural stability)
Multifidus MA
Unilaterally:
Lateral Flexion and rotate contralaterally
Bilaterally:
Extends the vertebral column
Stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column
Multifidus IA
arises from posterior sacrum, PSUIS, aponeurosis of erector spinae, SI ligaments, mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, TP of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7
Multifidus SA
thickest in lumbar region, fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of SP, located 2-4 segments superior to proximal attachment
Multifidus N
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Semispinalis P
Using a computer workstation, looking overhead
Semispinalis MA
Extends the head, neck, and thoracic spine
Rotates them contralaterally
Semispinalis IA
TP of C4 to T12
Semispinalis SA
Fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and SP in thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments
Semispinalis N
cervical dorsal rami of spinal cervical nerves
Suboccipitals P
Scanning a computer monitor, reading a boook
Suboccipitals MA
Rectus capitis posterior major,minor, and oblique capitis superior- rock and tilt the head back into extension
Rectus capitis posterior major/ minor and oblique capitis inferior- rotate the head to the same side
Oblique capitis superior- laterally flex the head to the same side
Suboccipitals N
Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1)
Rectus capitis superior major Origin & Insertion
Origin: Spinous process of C2
Insertion: Lateral inferior nuchal line
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Origin: posterior tubercle vertebra C1
Insertion: Medial inferior nuchal line
Oblique capitis inferior
Origin: SP of C2
Insertion: TP of C1
Oblique capitis superior
Origin: TP of C1
Insertion: Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal line
