muscles of the upper extremities Flashcards
lumbricals OINA
Action: Flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints
Origin: 1 and 2 Digits- Lateral 2 tendons of Flexor Digitorum Profundus Unipennate
3 and 4 Digits- Medial 3 tendons of Flexor Digitorum Profundus Bipennate
Insertion: Lateral extensor expansions of Digits 2-5
Nerve: 1 and 2 Lumbrical- Median Nerve (digital branch) C8 and T1
3 and 4 Lumbrical- Ulnar Nerve (deep branch) C8 and T1
palmar interossei (PADD) OINA
Action: Adduct Digits 2,4, and 5; assist in flexion of MCP and extension of IP Joints
Origin: Palmar Surfaces of 2,4 and 5 metacarpals
Insertion: Bases of Proximal Phalanges; extensor expansions of 2,4 and 5 digits
Nerve: Ulnar Nerve (Deep branch) C8 and T1
dorsal interossei (DAB) OINA
Action: Abduction of Digits 2.4 and 5; assists in flexion of MCP and IP Joints
Origin: Adjacent Sides of 2 metacarpals
Insertion: Bases of Proximal Phalanges; extensor expansions of 2,4, and 5 digits
Nerve: Ulnar Nerve C8 (Deep branch) and T1
flexor carpi radialis OINA
Action: flex the wrist and radial deviation
Origin: Medial epicondyle
Insertion: Bases of 2 and 3 Metacarpals
Nerve: Median Nerve C6 and C7
flexor carpi ulnaris OINA
Action: flex the wrist and ulnar deviation
Origin: Humoral head- medial epicondyle
Ulnar Head- posterior ulna
Insertion: pisiform, hook of the hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal
Nerve: ulnar nerve C7 and C8
flexor digitorum superficialis OINA
Action: flexes the middle 4 digits at proximal IP joints, also it flexes proximal phalanges at MCP joints
Origin: Humero-ulnar head- medial epicondyle
Radial head- superior radius
Insertion: Through the shafts of middle phalanges of 4 digits
Nerve: Median Nerve C7, C8, and T1
flexor digitorum profundus OINA
Action: Flex the middle 4 fingers at MCP IP and DIP
Assists in flexion of the wrist
Origin: Proximal Ulna and Interosseus Membrane
Insertion: Medial- Bases of distal phalanges of digits 4-5
Lateral- Bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-3
Nerve: 2-3 digits- Median Nerve (AIN) C8 and T1
4-5 Digits- Ulnar Nerve C8 and **T1)
flexor pollicis longus OINA
Action: Flexes phalanges of 1st digit
Origin: Anterior Radius and Adjacent interosseus membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx of the thumb
Nerve: Median Nerve (AIN) C8 and T1
pronator quadratus OINA
Action: Pronate the forearm
Origin: Medial, anterior distal ulna
Insertion: Lateral, anterior distal radius
Nerve: Median (AIN) C8 and T1
flexor pollicis brevis OINA
Action: flexes the thumb at CMC and MCP joints
assists in opposition of the thumb
Origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
Nerve: Superficial- median nerve (recurrent branch) C8 and T1
Deep- ulnar nerve (deep branch)C8 and T1
abductor pollicis brevis OINA
Action: abduct the thumb
assist in opposition of the thumb
Origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
Nerve: Median Nerve C8 and T1
opponens pollicis OINA
Action: oppose thumb
Origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion: lateral side of 1st metacarpal
Nerve: Median nerve C8 and T1
flexor digiti minimi OINA
Action: flex the proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Origin: flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate
Insertion: medial base of proximal phalanx of pinky
Nerve: Ulnar nerve C8 and T1
abductor digiti minimi OINA
Action: abduct the pinky
Origin: pisiform
Insertion: medial base of proximal phalanx of pinky
Nerve: Ulnar Nerve C8 and T1
opponens digiti minimi OINA
Action: opposition of the pinky
Origin: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion: medial border of 5th metacarpal
Nerve: Ulnar nerve C8 and T1
adductor pollicis OINA
Action: adducts the thumb
Origin: Oblique- bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal, capitate, and adjacent carpals
Transverse- anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal
Insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
Nerve: Ulnar Nerve C8 and T1
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis OINA
Action: extends the wrist and radial deviation
Origin: L- lateral supra epicondylar ridge of humerus
B- lateral epicondyle
Insertion: L- dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal
B- dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal
Nerve: radial nerve C6, C7, and C8
extensor digitorum OINA
Action: extend medial 4 digits at MCP and IP joints
Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: extensor expansions of medial four digits
Nerve: radial nerve C7 and C8
extensor digiti minimi OINA
Action: Extend the pinky at MCP and IP joints
Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: extensor expansion of 5th digit
Nerve: Radial Nerve C7 and C8
extensor carpi ulnaris OINA
Action: extend the wrist and ulnar deviation
Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: base of 5th metacarpal
Nerve: radial nerve C7 and C8
supinator OINA
Action: supinates the forearm
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments
Insertion: lateral radius
Nerve: radial (PIN) C7 and C8
extensor indicis OINA
Action: extend the second finger and assist in extension of wrist
Origin: Posterior distal ulna and interosseus membrane
Insertion: extensor expansion of 2nd digit
Nerve: Radial (PIN) C7 and C8
abductor pollicis longus OINA
Action: radially abduct the thumb and extend the thumb
Origin: posterior proximal ulna, radius, and interosseus membrane
Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal
Nerve: Radial (PIN) C7 and C8
extensor pollicis brevis and longus OINA
Action: extend the thumb (IP joint) extend the thumb (MCP and CMC joints)
Origin: L- posterior ulna and interosseus membrane
B- posterior radius and interosseus membrane
Insertion: L- base of distal phalanx of thumb
B- base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve: Radial (PIN) C7 and C8
biceps brachii OINA
Action: supinates forearm, flexes forearm
Origin: short head- coracoid process
long head- supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: radial tuberosity and fascia via bicipital aponeurosis
Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)
coracobrachialis OINA
Action: flexes the arm, adducts the arm
Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: medial surface of humerus
Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)
brachialis OINA
Action: flexes the elbow in ALL POSITIONS
Origin: anterior surface of humerus
Insertion: Ulnar Tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6) and small branch from radial (C5 and C7)
brachioradialis OINA
Action: Flex the elbow in midpronated position
Assists in pronation and supination
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: lateral surface o distal end of radius to styloid process
Nerve: Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7)
triceps brachii OINA
Action: MAIN extensor of forearm/ elbow
long head resists dislocation of humerus during adduction
Origin: Long head- infraglenoid tubercle
Medial head- posterior humerus, superior to radial groove
Short Head- posterior humerus, inferior to radial groove
Insertion: olecranon of ulna
Nerve: Radial Nerve (C6, C7, C8)
anconeous OINA
Action: assists triceps in extending forearm
stabilize elbow joint
may abduct ulna during pronation
Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: Lateral olecranon
Nerve: Radial Nerve C7, C8, T1
pronator teres OINA
Action: pronate the forearm, assist in flexing the elbow
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process
Insertion: lateral surface of radius
Nerve: Median nerve (C6 and C7)
