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History Panagakou = French Revolution 2 🍎 > The Aftermath Of The Terror > Flashcards

The Aftermath Of The Terror Flashcards

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1
Q

1st measure following the terror (2)

A

31 July
Vacancies on CPS + CGS filled by dantonists and ‘the plain’

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2
Q

2nd measure following the terror (2)

A

1 august
Law of 22 Prairial was repealed = many released

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3
Q

3rd measure following the terror (3)

A

10 august
Revolutionary tribunal reorganised
Exile to Guiana in SA rather than guillotine

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4
Q

4th measure following the terro (3)

A

24 august
The law of revolutionary government = complete reorganisation of government and admin away from centralised structure

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5
Q

The law of revolutionary government what (3++++)

A

Revolutionary committees were reduced = one per department = Broke power of sc into sections
Central gov in hands of 16 committees responsible to convention (rev changes of memeber ship) = reduced power of CPS + CGS = CPS powers limited to diplomacy, military ops and war material
New represents en mission dispatched to provinces = ovsee chnages + ensure jacobins removed from positions of authority

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6
Q

5th measure after terror (3)

A

31 august
Power of Paris commune reduced
Completely abolished in 1795

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7
Q

September measures (4+)

A

18 September
Church and state separated
State stopped paying clerical salaries
Ended ‘constitutional church’ - acted as gov branch

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8
Q

November measures (2)

A

12 November
Jacobin club closed down + all affiliated societies disbanded

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9
Q

December measures (3+)

A

24 December
Law of maximum repealed
Public workshops that established as part of terror attempt to help poor = restored to private ownership

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10
Q

Further measure in 1795 (4+)

A

February = toleration for all religion proclaimed (some restrictions on catholic practices)
April = represents en mission abolished
May = revolutionary tribunal abolished
October = law of suspects repealed

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11
Q

What is white terror

A

Name given to a series of purges and campaigns were Thermidorians took action against proponents of the terror

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12
Q

Who supported the Thermidorians

A

Muscadins and jeunesse doree (gilded youth)

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13
Q

What did muscadins and GY do (6)

A

Wore fashionable clothes
Armed with canes and wooden clubs
Attacked SC and jacobins
Felled trees of liberty
Trampled on tricolore cockades
Forced closure of pro jacobin newspapers

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14
Q

Why and what muscadins (2)

A

Means musk perfume
Well off bourgeoisie

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15
Q

Specific things muscadins did (3)

A

Helped in destruction of jacobin clubs
Led campaign to de-martyrise the former popular hero Marat
Helped defend the convention in 1795

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16
Q

Violent massacre where + when (3)

A

Lyons
May 1795
Jacobin prisoner hauled from cells and slaughtered

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17
Q

Where was threat of stability coming from (3)

A

Royalists - wanted to see Catholic Church restored to former self
Returning emigres
Jacobins

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18
Q

Desire of emigres (2)

A

Regain their property
Some wanted restoration of monarchy

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19
Q

Louis brother (3)

A

Encouraged restoration of monarchy in ‘Verona declaration’ of June 1795
Promised to restore French glory
Comte de Provence

20
Q

Republicans defeats (3+)

A

February = treaty of La Jaunaye with royalist rebels in west
April = peace agreed with rebels in Chouans
July = general Hoche defeated a rising in south Brittany = execution of 700 emigres

21
Q

How did Thermidorians crush hopes of religious restoration (4)

A

Maintained bans on religious dress, symbols, processions and bell ringing despite toleration policy

22
Q

Catholic Church restricted by thermodorians + failed (2)

A

Religious gatherings subject to surveillance of the authorities
Ignored by clergy men = convention reintroduced oath of loyalty in February 1795

23
Q

Why was royalists weakened

A

Thermodorians commitment to halt external conflict

24
Q

How did thermodorians halt external conflict (5+)

A

June 1794 - Victory at Fleurus = recaptured AN
January 1795 - success against united provinces
April = Prussians left coalition + ceded the Rhine to France
July = Spain peace
Only at war with Britain and Austria = focus on internal issues

25
Q

When were paris risings

A

1795

26
Q

Problems that arose from ending maximum law (4)

A

Increased printing of assignats
Poor harvest 1794
Freezing winter 94-95
Inflation

27
Q

Further problems LoM + assignats (4)

A

April 1795 - real value of assignat was a tenth of OG value
Forced factories to close
Farmers refused to sell grain
10 May = Bread ration fell to 60g a day

28
Q

When was rising of germinal

A

1 April 1795

29
Q

What - rising of germinal (3)

A

10,000 SC invaded convention
Demanded ‘bread and the constitution of 1793’
Demonstrators not armed or organised

30
Q

Response - rising of germinal (2)

A

NG arrived
SC withdrew without resistance + were arrested

31
Q

Response of convention to rising of germinal (4)

A

Placed paris under martial law
Gave city under command of general Pichegru
Arrested agitators
Sped up deportation of former Montagnards

32
Q

What is martial law (2)

A

Ruling through the army
Usually entails suspension of civil liberties and arrest without trial

33
Q

When was rising of Prairial

A

20/21 May

34
Q

What did they do - rising of Prairial (3)

A

Women and men SC invaded the convention - larger than germinal
Forced way into meeting hall
Murdered a deputy - Jean Bertrand Feraud - paraded his head on a pike

35
Q

What did sans culottes want - rising of Prairial (3+)

A

Demanded release of jacobin prisoners
Reinstatement of 1793 constitution
New controls on better supply of food in capital - convention agreed to establish a food commission

36
Q

Response - rising of Prairial

A

Troops and muscadins drove the rebels out

37
Q

Second day of rising of Prairial (3+)

A

20,000 SC + NG put loaded canon on convention
40,000 regular soldiers called in to disperse the crowds
No shots fired, two sides negotiated, petitions presented and SC withdrew

38
Q

How did convention prevent further trouble (2)

A

6000 cross examined
42 NG were executed

39
Q

When was rising of Vendemiarie

A

5 October

40
Q

Why was vendemiarie rising different

A

Royalist rising

41
Q

Why - vendemiaire (2+)

A

Believed the plebiscite held in September to win support for a new non monarchical constitution = rigged
Anger excited = reports Comte d’Atois (royalist) had landed of coast of Vendee

42
Q

Who - vendemiaire

A

Demonstrations led by muscadins, factory and property owners

43
Q

Response - vendemiaire (2)

A

The convention assembled three battalions = called on unemployed jacobin army officers who had been dismissed

44
Q

What occurred - vendemiaire (2)

A

25000 armed Parisians marched on convention
Napoleon bonarpate permission to take command of republicans 5000-6000 troops

45
Q

How was it squashed - vendemiaire (4)

A

5 October
Armed royalist outnumbered republicans 6 to 1
Bonaparte found 40 cannon which he fired at them
Around 300 Royalist killed

46
Q

Aftermath of vendemiaire (3)

A

Comparatively light
Ten death sentences
Made napoleon a national hero - five months later given command of army of Italy

History Panagakou = French Revolution 2 🍎 (12 decks)

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