THA Flashcards
Overview
Q: What does total hip arthroplasty involve?
A: Removal of proximal and distal joint surfaces of the hip and replacement with an acetabular component and a femoral implant.
Q: How is the acetabular component usually secured?
A: It is most often press-fitted into place or occasionally held with screws.
Q: What are the three surgical approaches for THA?
Anterolateral.
Direct lateral.
Posterolateral.
Q: How long does a total hip arthroplasty typically last?
A: 15 to 20 years.
Fixation Types
Q: What are the two main types of fixation in THA?
A: Cemented and cementless fixation.
Fixation Types
Q: What is the primary advantage of cemented fixation?
A: Allows weight bearing as tolerated almost immediately, as cement sets in about 15 minutes
Fixation Types
Q: What does cementless fixation rely on?
A: Bone growth for stability.
Fixation Types
Q: Who is the ideal candidate for cementless fixation?
A: Young, active individuals (e.g., under 65 years of age).
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Q: What is the incision size for minimally invasive THA?
A: Less than 10 cm.
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Q: What are the benefits of minimally invasive THA?
A: Less soft tissue trauma and faster post-operative recovery.
Etiology
Q: What medical conditions are commonly associated with the need for THA?
A:
Osteoarthritis.
Rheumatoid arthritis.
Osteomyelitis.
Avascular necrosis.
Signs and Symptoms
Q: What are common symptoms prior to THA?
A:
Severe pain with weight bearing.
Loss of mobility.
Gross instability or range of motion limitations.
Failure of non-surgical treatments or previous surgery.
Treatment: Post-Surgery
Q: What are the initial goals of physical therapy post-THA?
A:
Decrease inflammation and promote healing.
Adhere to hip precautions.
Minimize muscle atrophy.
Regain passive range of motion.
Treatment: Post-Surgery
Q: What exercises and activities are included initially?
A:
Ankle pumps.
Quadriceps and gluteal sets.
Active hip flexion within the available range of motion.
Assistive device training.
Progressive ambulation.
Treatment: Post-Surgery
Q: What are the long-term goals of physical therapy for THA?
A:
Regain full strength and endurance.
Achieve independence in the home.
