scoliosis Flashcards
Q: What is scoliosis?
A: A lateral curvature of the spine, often quantified using the Cobb method with a standing radiograph.
Q: How is scoliosis classified?
Functional (nonstructural).
Neuromuscular (structural).
Degenerative (structural).
Types of Scoliosis
Q: What causes functional scoliosis?
A: Abnormalities like leg length discrepancy, muscle imbalance, or poor posture.
Types of Scoliosis
Q: How is functional scoliosis different from structural scoliosis?
A: Functional scoliosis is flexible and can be corrected with lateral bending, while structural scoliosis is inflexible.
Types of Scoliosis
Q: What conditions are associated with neuromuscular scoliosis?
A: Cerebral palsy and Marfan syndrome.
Types of Scoliosis
Q: What causes degenerative scoliosis?
A: Aging processes such as osteophyte formation, bone demineralization, and disk herniation.
Etiology
Q: What is the most common cause of scoliosis?
A: Idiopathic (unknown cause).
Etiology
Q: At what age is idiopathic scoliosis most commonly diagnosed?
Q: Which gender is more likely to develop a curve greater than 30 degrees?
A: Idiopathic (unknown cause).
A: girls
Signs and Symptoms
Q: What is a common physical sign of scoliosis?
Q: Is pain typically associated with the spinal curvature in scoliosis?
A: Shoulder level asymmetry, with or without a rib hump.
A: No, pain results from abnormal forces on other tissues due to the curvature.
Treatment
Q: What determines the focus of treatment for scoliosis?
A: The magnitude of the curve and the degree of progression.
Treatment
Q: What is the general approach if the curve is not progressing?
A: No formal action is typically taken.
Treatment
Q: What physical therapy interventions are used for scoliosis?
A:
Muscle strengthening.
Flexibility exercises.
Shoe lifts.
Bracing.
Treatment
Q: When is a spinal orthosis often warranted?
A: For curves between 25 and 40 degrees.
Treatment
Q: When might surgical intervention be required?
A: For curves greater than 40 degrees.
