Textbook Quiz - Reproductive System Flashcards
Which of the following functions in both urinary and reproductive systems in the male?
- prostate
- seminal vesicle
- Sertolii cells
- urethra
urethra
The function of chemicals within the acrosomal cap is to
aid the sperm in penetration into a secondary oocyte
The portion of the penis which surrounds the urethra is the
corpus spongiosum
The fructose in semen is secreted by the
seminal vesicles
Sperm move by means of
flagella
In males, FSH does what
acts indirectly with testosterone to stimulate spermatogenesis
The cells in the testis responsible for producing testosterone are the
Leydig cells
The testes are covered by a dense white fibrous capsule called the
tunica albuginea
Which of the following cells lies next to the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules?
- spermatogonia
- primary spermatocytes
- secondary spermatocytes
- spermatids
spermatogonia
In the testis, spermatogonia divide by
mitosis
The cells formed by meiosis II are called (males)
spermatids
The daily production of sperm in the testes is about
300 million
Which of the hormones produced in the male directly stimulates testosterone secretion?
LH
In the male, the protein hormone inhibin is produced by the __ and inhibits the secretion of ___
Sertoli cells; FSH
The longest duct of the male reproductive tract, passing from the scrotum into the pelvic cavity, is the
ductus deferens
The ejaculatory duct attaches to the urethra in a region surrounded by the
prostate gland
A male is likely to be infertile if his sperm count is below __ per mL of semen
twenty million
The bulb of the penis is located at the base of the
corpus spongiosum
Which structure moves the testes closer to the body where they can absorb heat?
cremaster muscle
Which structure(s) function(s) in sperm maturation?
seminiferous tubules and epididymis
prevents an immune response against the spermatogenic cell’s surface antigens
blood-testis barrier (BTB)
Which part of the sperm carries enzymes required to break down the barrier of cells around the egg for fertilization?
acrosome
Which structure secretes alkaline, viscous fluid that helps neutralize acid in the female reproductive tract, provides fructose for ATP production by sperm, contributes to sperm mobility and viability, and helps semen coagulate after coagulation?
seminal vesicles
The portion of the ovary that contains the ovarian follicles is the
cortex
Which female reproductive structure is located between the urinary bladder and the rectum?
uterus
The perimetrium or serosa is part of the
visceral peritoneum
In the ovary, oocytes begin meiosis I during
fetal development
The open, funnel-shaped portion of a uterine tube is called the
infundibulum
Fertilization of the oocyte by a sperm usually occurs in the
ampulla of the oviduct
The uterus is attached to both sides of the pelvic cavity by the
broad ligaments
The normal flexure of the uterus, projecting it anteriorly and superiorly over the vagina, is called
anteflexion
A hysterectomy is the
surgical removal of the uterus
repeatedly gives rise to a new stratum functionalis after each menstruation
stratum basalis of the uterus
the acidity of the vagina is due to
breakdown of glycogen that produces organic acids
the small folds that are lateral to the vaginal opening are the
labia minora
the milk secreting glands in the breast are called
alveoli
the last tubes through which milk flows before it reaches the outside through the nipple are the
lactiferous ducts
which structure functions as the site of implantation of a fertilized ovum and development of the fetus during pregnancy
uterus
which structure produces progesterone, estrogens, inhibins, and relaxin
the ovaries
In which stage of meiosis is the secondary oocytes arrested unless fertilized
meiosis II metaphase
The corpus luteum secretes
progesterone and estrogens
After ovulation, the __ becomes the __
mature (Graafian) follicle, corpus luteum
Which of the following hormones have the greatest direct control over the changes in the uterus?
- GnRH
- FSH and LH
- estrogens and progesterone
- inhibin and relaxin
estrogens and progesterone
The principal estrogen hormone in the nonpregnant woman is
beta-estradiol
Which hormone has effects on general metabolism to increase protein production and reduce cholesterol production as well as controlling the reproductive cycle in the female>
estrogens
___ increases the flexibility of the pubic symphysis at the end of pregnancy
relaxin
The mature (Graafian) follicle continues to enlarge and increase its estrogen production during what phase
preovulatory phase
The hormone responsible for stimulating the development of the secondary follicles in the ovary is
FSH
An over-the-counter test is now available for purchase that indicates ovulation. This test measures
LH
Low levels of progesterone cause
menstruation
Which hormones are primarily responsible for ovulation?
LH and estrogen
Which hormones maintain the uterine lining during the first trimester of pregnancy?
estrogen and progresterone
oral contraceptive pills contain estrogens and progestin that
inhibit the release of FSH and LH
The birth control method that is based on knowledge of certain physiological changes that occur during the menstrual cycle is
sympto-thermal
The epididymis and ductus (vas) deferens develop from embryonic
mesonephric duct
menarche is
the first menses
a Pap smear is a test performed to detect
cancer of the cervix
The American Cancer Society recommends that a woman should have a baseline mammogram taken, to serve as a comparison, between the ages of
35 and 39
