Notes + Study Questions Of Metabolism

Question 1

What are 3 major metabolic destinations for principal nutrients

Answer 1

active processes
synthesized into structural or functional molecules
synthesized as fat or glycogen for later use as energy

Question 2

What are the locations of events of cellular respiration

Answer 2

Glycolysis: cytoplasm
Krebs Cycle: mitochondrial space
ETC: inner-mitochondrial membrane

Question 3

What is the equation of aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 3

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = 36-38 ATP + 6 CO2 + 6 H2O

Question 4

End creation of Glycolysis

Answer 4

2 pyruvic acid
2 ATP
2 NADH

Question 5

End creation of Transitional step (pyruvic acid decarboxylation)

Answer 5

2 Acetly CoA
2 CO2
2 NADH

Question 6

End creation of Krebs Cycle

Answer 6

2 ATP
4 CO2
6 NADH
2 FADH2

Question 7

End creation of ETC

Answer 7

36-38 ATP
6 CO2
6 H2O

Question 8

What are the 6 main types of nutrients

Answer 8

water
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
minerals
vitamins

Question 9

The function of Vit A

Answer 9

needed to make the visual pigment retinal

Question 10

The function of Vit D

Answer 10

needed for calcium absorption

Question 11

The function of Vit K

Answer 11

needed to help with clotting

Question 12

The function of Vit C

Answer 12

needed for proper growth of CT

Question 13

The function of Vit B3

Answer 13

a precursor for NAD, which plays essential metabolic roles in living cells

Question 14

The function of Vit B1

Answer 14

needed for neural function & carbohydrate metabolism

Question 15

The function of Vit B9

Answer 15

needed to synthesize the bases used to replicate DNA

Question 16

The function of Vit B12

Answer 16

needed for normal nerve function & for the formation of blood

Question 17

What is the difference b/w glycogenesis and glycogenolysis

Answer 17

Glycogenesis = conversion of glucose to glycogen; occurs in the liver & stimulated by insulin
Glycogenolysis = conversion of glycogen to glucose; occurs b/w meals & stimulated by glucagon & epinephrine

Question 18

what are the 4 classes of lipoproteins

Answer 18

1) chylomicrons - contain dietary lipids
2) very low density lipoproteins - contain endogenous triglycerides
3) low density lipoproteins - 75% total body cholesterol
4) high density lipoproteins - remove excess cholesterol

Question 19

what are the 3 things that amino acids can be converted into

Answer 19

glucose, fatty acids, and ketone bodies