Tetracyclines and Glycylcyclines Flashcards
What are tetracyclines (TCNs) useful alternatives of?
Common respiratory tract infections
What are TCNs a DOC for?
Uncommon infections
Which TCN is preferred over the other TCNs?
Doxycycline is preferred over minocycline and tetracycline
Which medication is a novel agent and glycylcyclines?
Tigecycline
What is beneficial of tigecycline?
Evades most TCN resistant mechanisms and has broad spectrum activity
Which medication is a novel aminomethylcycline, within the TCN class with a broad-spectrum activity?
Omadacycline
What is the MOA of the TCNs?
Binding to the 30s ribosomal subunit blocking the bacterial protein synthesis leading to a bacteriostatic activity
What are the mechanism of resistance for TCNs?
- Modification of the 30s subunit
- Efflux pumps
TCNs have a good spectrum over which bacteria?
- Atypicals
- Rickettsia
- Spirochetes
- Plasmodium spp (malaria)
Glycylcylines have a good spectrum over which bacteria?
- Enterococci (including VRE)
- Staphylococcus (including MRSA)
- S. pneumoniae
- Atypicals
Aminomethylcyclines have a good spectrum over which bacteria?
- Enterococci (including VRE)
- Staphylococcus (including MRSA)
- Atypicals
- S. pneumoniae
- H. influenzae
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Enterobacteriaceae
What common adverse events occur with TCNs/glycylcyclines?
- GI effects
- Photosensitivity
- Discoloration of developing teeth
- Esophageal irritation
What are the contraindications of TCNs/glycylcyclines?
- Pregnant pts
- Child < 8 yo
Which medications are IV only?
- Tigecycline
- Omadacycline
Which medications are 100% bioavailable?
- Minocycline
- Doxycycline
