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Infectious Disease > Carbapenems > Flashcards

Carbapenems Flashcards

1
Q

(T/F) - Carbapenems are among the most broad-spectrum antibacterials

A

TRUE

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2
Q

Name the drugs in the carbapenem class

A
  • Imipenem/cilastatin
  • Meropenem
  • Doripenem
  • Ertapenem
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3
Q

Which carbapenem has important spectrum deficiencies?

A

Ertapenem

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4
Q

(T/F) - Carbapenems share the same MOA of beta-lactams and possess a beta-lactam ring

A

TRUE

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5
Q

Are carbapenems different from PCNs and cephalosporins?

A

YES

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6
Q

Carbapenems have a good spectrum in which bacteria?

A
  • MSSA
  • Strep
  • Anaerobes
  • Enteric GNRs
  • Pseudomonas
  • Acinetobacter
  • ESBL-producing GNRs
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7
Q

Which carbapenems should not be used for pseudomonas and acinetobacter?

A

Ertapenem

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8
Q

What adverse event could happen with the use of carbapenems? Especially which carbapenem?

A

Seizures; especially imipenem

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9
Q

How could the risk of seizures be minimized in patients?

A
  • Avoid imipenem in pts w/ history of seizures or CNS infection
  • Adjust doses in renally dysfunction pts
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10
Q

(T/F) - Imipenem, doripenem, and meropenem have a more broad spectrum activity than ertapenem

A

TRUE

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11
Q

(T/F) - Imipenem, doripenem, and meropenem should be used empirically for most community acquired infections

A

FALSE - should not

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12
Q

Which carbapenem is metabolized by the kidney to a nephrotoxic product? How can it be prevented?

A

Imipenem; cilastatin blocks the renal dihyropeptidase

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13
Q

Which carbapenem has a weaker activity over the other carbapenems?

A

Ertapenem

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14
Q

Which carbapenem is administered once a day being more convenient than the other carbapenems for home infusion therapy of susceptible infections?

A

Ertapenem

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15
Q

(T/F) - Carbapenems cannot elicit an allergic reaction in patients with a history of PCN allergy

A

FALSE - can elicit

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16
Q

What are the utilizations of all carbapenems?

A
  • Mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections
  • Intra-abdominal infections
  • Infections caused by ESBL-producing organisms
17
Q

What are the utilizations of imipenem, doripenem, meropenem?

A
  • Nosocomial infections

- Febrile neutropenia

18
Q

In renal dysfunction patients, what should be done before administration?

A

Check doses to minimize the risk of seizures

19
Q

What is the name of the drug that falls in the class of carbapenem/beta-lactamase inhibitor?

A

Meropenem/vaborbactam

20
Q

Carbapenem/beta-lactamase inhibitor has a good spectrum in which bacteria?

A
  • Same as meropenem

- Resistant to meropenem due to certain beta-lactamases (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase [KPC])

21
Q

What is carbapenem/beta-lactamase inhibitor FDA-approved of?

A
  • Complicated UTIs

- Pyelonephritis caused by susceptible bacteria

22
Q

What is the off-label use of carbapenem/beta-lactamase inhibitors?

A

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Infectious Disease (41 decks)

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