Test on 9/27 - Part 1 Flashcards
Which of the following most directly led to the expansion and the intensification of the commercial routed depicted in the map:
A Growing contacts among cultures resulting from the Crusades
B The use of pack animals to overcome harsh environments
C The discovery by Europeans of diamonds in West Africa
D Northern military expansion of African empires
B The use of pack animals to overcome harsh environments
A prominent state within West African civilization; it was established in 1235 and flourished for several centuries. it was a large-scale producer of gold; and its most famous ruler, Mansa Musa, led a large group of Muslims on the pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324-1325.
Mali
A fairly small-scale commerce in enslaved people that flourished especially from 1100 to 1400, exporting enslaved West Africans across the Sahara for sale in Islamic North Africa.
trans-saharan slave trade
A series of important states that developed in the region stretching from the Atlantic coast to Lake Chad in the period 500 to 1600. Developed in response to the economic opportunities of trans-Saharan trade (especially control of gold production), included the states of Ghana, Mali, and Songhay.
West African Civilization
Western European branch of Christianity, also known as Roman Catholicism, gradually defined itself as separate from Eastern Orthodoxy, with a major break occurring in 1054; characterized by its relative independence from the state and its recognition of the authority of the pope.
Western Christendom
New capital for the eastern half of the Roman Empire; highly defensible and economically important site helped ensure the city’s cultural and strategic importance for many centuries.
Constantinople
the capital and only outpost left of the Byzantine Empire, fell to the army of the Ottoman sultan Mehmed I| “the Conqueror” in 1453, an event that marked the end of Christian Byzantium.
ottoman siege of constantinople
Malian Emperor Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 can best be understood in the context of which of the following?
The expansion of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia
An Arab dynasty of caliphs (successors to the Prophet) who governed much of the Islamic world from its capital in Baghdad beginning in 750.
Abbasid Caliphate
Which of the following factors represents the most significant cause of the growth of cities in Afro-Eurasia in the period 1000-1450?
increased interregional trade
Ibn Battuta traveled widely across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa in the fourteenth century. His travels serve as evidence for the
unifying influence of Islam
A culturally diverse civilization that emerged around the city of Kiev in the 9th century and Christianity in the 10th, thus linking this emerging Russian state to the world of Eastern Orthodoxy.adopted
Kievan Rus
A major commercial city of West African civilization and a noted center of Islamic scholarship and education by the 16th century.
Timbuktu
Which of the following best explains the changes in social class during black death
A. Decline of moral standards
B. Decline of agricultural activity
C. There is no exception as to who falls victim to the disease.
D. Rise of religious fervor in the face of rampant destruction
there is no exception as to who falls vitim to the disease
based on the map and knowledge of world history what claims can be made about science and tech in thee islamic world
A Abbasid rulers shared new maps with Hindu and Confucian rulers in order to promote trade
B Nautical innovations improved transportation and made maritime trade more profitable
C South is at the top of the map because Islamic technology was primitive
D Al-Andalus (Islamic Spain) is small on this map because Muslim cartographers knew that things that are farther away appear smaller
B. nautical innovations improved transportation and made maritime trade more profitable
Which of the following best supports the conclusion that Japan borrowed extensively from Tang and Song China?
societal relations in Japan were based on Confucian principles of hierarchy.
In the period 600 C.E.–1450 C.E., Africa’s Swahili coast was a major part of which trading system?
The Indian Ocean network
A highly fragmented and decentralized society in which power was held by the landowning warrior elite. In this highly competitive system, lesser lords and knights swore allegiance to greater lords or kings and thus became their vassals, frequently receiving lands in return for military service.
Feudalism
what does the existence of the map indicate about Islamic society
A Islamic books were printed upside down
B Muslim banks had not yet developed letters of credit and could not fund exploration to sub-Saharan Africa
C Muslim cartographers defied Muhammed’s rules against trade outside of the Arab peninsula
D The study of geography and cartography could be used to promote trade
D. the study of geography and cartography could be used to promote trade
A “rebirth” of classical learning that is most often associated with the cultural blossoming of Italy in the period 1350-1500 and that included not just a rediscovery of Greek and Roman learning but also major developments in art, as well as growing secularism in society.
shift
European Renaissance
An East African civilization that emerged in the 8th century as a set of commercial city-states linked into the Indian Ocean trading network. Combining African Bantu and Islamic cultural patterns, these competing city-states accumulated goods from the interior and exchanged them for the products of distant civilizations.
Swahili Civilizations
which of the following developments was a direct result of new patterns of trans-Saharan trade
A A desire on the part of African monarchs to discover maritime routes to markets in Europe and Asia
B The decentralization of political power in sub-Saharan African states
C A decrease in the social complexity of urban areas
D A dramatic increase in the use of gold currency across the Mediterranean region
a dramatic increase in the use of gold in currency across the mediterranean region
An empire of the 11th and 12th centuries, centered in Persia and present-day raq, Seljuk rulers adopted the Muslim title of sultan (ruler) as part of their conversion to Islam.
Seljuk Turkic Empire
Which of the following correctly contrasts Song and Tang China?
Buddhism was politically influential during the early Tang, whereas most political elites during Song times were neo-Confucian.
marked by rapid population growth, urbanization, economic specialization, the development of an immense network of internal waterways, and a great increase in industrial production and technological innovation.
China Economic Revolution
Western European branch of Christianity that gradually defined itself as separate from Eastern Orthodoxy, with a major break occurring in 1054 c.e. that still has not been overcome. By the eleventh century, Western Christendom was centered on the pope as the ultimate authority in matters of doctrine.
Roman Catholic Church
The “way of the warrior,” referring to the values of the Japanese samurai, including bravery, loyalty, and an emphasis on death over surrender.
Bushido
The expansion of communication and trade networks in Afro-Eurasia from 600 CE-1450 CE resulted in the spread of which of the following from South Asia?
Technological and scientific concepts, such as the decimal and concept of zero.
The term shogun describes a role in feudal Japan most like what role in feudal Europe?
lord
China’s capital during the Song dynasty, with a population at its height of more than 1 million people.
Hangzhou
All of the following accurately describes the exchange of agriculture or technology during the time period of 600-1450 EXCEPT
smallpox, originating in Europe, spread to the Americas and caused destruction of the Native American population.
A set of practices that required a show of subordination from oll non-Chinese outhorties and the
payment of products of value from their countries to the Chinese emperor. In return, China would grant trading rights to foreigners and offer gifts even more valuable than the tribute itself.
Tribute Systems
Which of the following ruled the Middle East and North Africa at the same time that the Tang Dynasty ruled China?
Abbasid Caliphate
Historians could use this image of a water powered mill to demonstrate:
A that the Chinese lacked the technology to build windmills
B the importance of waterways to the expansion of Chinese agriculture
C the Chinese importing fast growing rice from Vietnam
D how the Song emperors increased production to feed their armies
B. the importance of waterways to the expansion of Chinese agriculture
Chinese practice of tightly wrapping girls’ feet to keep them small, prevalent in the Song dynasty and
later; an emphasis on small size and delicacy was central to views of female beauty.
Foot Binding
As Islam spread between 1200 and 1600, it affected gender relations in which of the following ways?
Existing local customs regarding marriage and the role of women blended with Islamic models
Arabic name for Spain, most of which was conquered by Arab and Berber forces between 711 and 718;
Muslim Spain represented a point of encounter between the Islamic world and Christian Europe.
Al Andalus
Which of the following was the most important factor in the spread of the bubonic plague in Eurasia?
The Mongol expansion from central Asia to China, eastern Europe, and the Middle East
The largest religious structure in the premodern world, built by a powerful kingdom (located in modern Cambodia) in the twelfth century to express a Hindu understanding of the cosmos centered on a mythical Mount Meru; later used by Buddhists as well.
Angkor Wat
Branch of Christianity that developed in the eastern part of the Roman Empire and gradually separated, mostly on matters of practice, from the branch of Christianity dominant in Western Europe; noted for the subordination of the Church to political authorities and a sharp rejection of the authority of Roman popes.
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
Which of the following was most responsible for the initial spread of Islam to West Africa?
Merchants on the trans-Saharan trade routes
Chinese dynasty (960-1279) that rose to power ofter the Tang dynasty. Brought an explosion of scholarship and a revolution in agricultural and industrial production that made China the richest and most populated country on the planet.
Song Dynasty
Which of the following was the major contributing factor to the spread of the plague to Cairo, Beijing, and Florence in the 14th century?
Trade along the Mongol road system across Central Asia
the increase in wealth caused by innovations in agricultural production during the song dynasty contributed to:
A Chinese merchants importing luxury items like silk and porcelain
B the spread of Buddhism to the middle class
C fewer elaborate rituals honoring the family ancestors
D an expanding population and urbanization
D. an expanding population and urbanization
One of the main centers of Christendom during the medieval centuries, was a continuation of the eastern portion of the Roman Empire. It lasted for a thousand years after the collapse of Roman rule in the West, until its conquest by Muslim forces in 1453.
Byzantine Empire
Which of the following is an accurate statement about Islamic art and architecture?
Islamic art focused on abstract geometric patterns and ornate calligraphy in Arabic.
Major Islamic state centered on Anatolia that came to include the Balkans, parts of the Middle East,
and much of North Africa; lasted in one form or another from the 14th to the early 20th century.
Ottoman Empire
Which of the following had the most advanced naval technology in the time period 600 to 1450?
China
A common feature of both Japanese and European feudalism was
strict social structure
Which of the following is true of trade in the Indian Ocean during the time period 600 to 1450?
Trade flourished with a mix of East African, South Asian, and Middle Eastern merchants.
All of the following were advancements that occurred during the Tang or Song dynasties EXCEPT
the decimal system
The economic and political transformations evident in the map would best be ynderstood in the context of ______
A the rise and diffusion of a new belief system.
B continuities in techniques of state building.
C the widening practice of state-issued currencies.
D the Mongol conquests and their consequences.
A. the rise and diffusion of a new belief system
All of the following statements accurately describe the Chinese impact on Japan EXCEPT
the use of the civil service exam.
How does the image reflect a main characteristic of the period between circa 600 and 1450
A. It shows a belief in the immortality of the upper echelons of society.
B. It shows the charity that came out of the upper classes of society during a period of disease and warfare.
C. It shows the intensification of peasant labor.
D. It shows the transcendence of disease among social classes and the toll it takes on social hierarchy.
It shows the transcendence of disease among social classes and the toll it takes on social hierarchy.
a possible reason the artist chose to include this scene in this painting was to:
A show daily activities in a prosperous agricultural economy
B show the dominance of the patriarchal social structure
C honor the peaceful rule of the Song Dynasty
D give instructions for how to build a water-powered mill
A. show daily activities in a prosperous agricultural economy
