quiz on 10/11

Question 1

Land-based trade routes that linked many regions of Eurasia. They were named after the most famous product traded along these routes.

Answer 1

Silk Roads

Question 2

Term used to describe half a century of military campaigns, massive killing, and empire building pursued by Chinggis Khan and his successors in Eurasia after 1209.

Answer 2

Mongol World War

Question 3

Grandson of Chinggis Khan who ruled China from 1271 to 1294.

Answer 3

Khubilai Khan

Question 4

Chinese dynasty (1368–1644) that succeeded the Yuan dynasty of the Mongols; noted for its return to traditional Chinese ways and restoration of the land after the destructiveness of the Mongols.

Answer 4

Ming Dynasty

Question 5

A massive pandemic that swept through Eurasia in the early fourteenth century, spreading along the trade routes within and beyond the Mongol Empire and reaching the Middle East and Western Europe by 1347. Associated with a massive loss of life.

Answer 5

Black Death

Question 6

The world’s largest sea-based system of communication and exchange before 1500 c.e. Centered on India, it stretched from southern China to eastern Africa.

Answer 6

Sea Roads

Question 7

A powerful state in the southern African interior that apparently emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast; flourished between 1250 and 1350 c.e.

Answer 7

Great Zimbabwe

Question 8

Muslim port city that came to prominence on the waterway between Sumatra and Malaya in the fifteenth century c.e.; it was the springboard for the spread of a syncretic form of Islam throughout the region.

Answer 8

Melaka

Question 9

Great Chinese admiral who commanded a huge fleet of ships in a series of voyages in the Indian Ocean that began in 1405. Intended to enroll distant peoples and states in the Chinese tribute system, those voyages ended abruptly in 1433 and led to no lasting Chinese imperial presence in the region.

Answer 9

Zheng He

Question 10

A term used to describe the routes of the trans-Saharan trade, which linked interior West Africa to the Mediterranean and North African world.

Answer 10

Sand Roads

Question 11

Introduced to North Africa and the Sahara in the early centuries of the Common Era, this animal made trans-Saharan commerce possible by 300 to 400 c.e.

Answer 11

Arabian Camel

Question 12

What lay behind the emergence of Silk Road commerce, and what kept it going for so many centuries?

Answer 12

• demand for products of the forest and the grasslands
• hard-to-find luxury goods
• RIse of Eurasion Empires

Question 13

What facilitated the spread of Buddhism along the Silk Roads?

Answer 13

• Buddhism appealed to Indian merchants
• Buddhism changes making it appeal more to others by earning spiritual merit.

Question 14

What were the primary influences on the process of Mongol state building?

Answer 14

• Temujin’s personality, charisma, military skill, and ruthlessness
• The relative weakness of Mongol opponents such as China and the Abbasid Caliphate
• The discipline, organization, and loyalty of the Mongol armies attacked their opponents with surprising quickness

Question 15

What accounts for the political and military success of the Mongols?

Answer 15

• The Mongol army was better organized, better led, and better disciplined than the armies of its opponents.
• The Mongols made up for their small numbers by incorporating huge numbers of conquered peoples into their military forces.
• The Mongols fostered commerce.

Question 16

How did Mongol rule change China? How did Mongol rulers continue using Chinese traditions to govern?

Answer 16

• The Mongols united a divided China.
• Made use of Chinese administrative practices, techniques of taxation, and their postal system.
• Took a Chinese dynastic title, the Yuan, and moved their capital to a new capital city known as Khanbalik, the “city of the Khan”

Question 17

How did the Mongol Empire lead to cross-cultural interactions?

Answer 17

• The Mongols actively promoted international commerce and provided a relatively secure
  environment for merchants making the journey across central Asia.
  -its religious tolerance and support of merchants, facilitated the spread of religions.

Question 18

To what extent did the Silk Roads and the Sea Roads operate in a similar fashion? How did they differ?

Answer 18

Similar:
* commerce in the creation and maintenance of the networks
*spread of ideas and technologies along the routes
*role of states along the two routes

Differences
*lack of pastoralist participation in the Sea Roads
* use of caravans versus ships
* Bulk commodity goods traded on the Sea Roads but not the Silk Roads
*direct participation of East Africa and Southeast Asia in the Sea Roads but not the Silk Roads.

Question 19

What changes did trans-Saharan trade bring to West Africa?

Answer 19

• provided incentives and resources for the development of new and larger political structures
• established substantial urban and commercial centers where traders congregated and goods were exchanged.

Question 20

How did the expansion of Islam lead to the spread of learning?

Answer 20

• the common Islamic language of Arabic facilitated cross-cultural communication.
• Islam placed great emphasis on learning
• rulers adopted the faith, and libraries and scientific institutions were created.

Question 21

How could technological developments, such as the dhow ship, help transform the culture of the Indian Ocean region?

Answer 21

were adapted to the high winds allowing traders to go farther and farther, carrying with them new cultural ideas and concepts.