Multiple Choice Test - 11/14

Question 1

Mughal emperor (r. 1658–1707) who reversed his predecessors’ policies of religious tolerance and attempted to impose Islamic supremacy.

Answer 1

Aurangzeb

Question 2

Term used to describe the devastating demographic impact of European-borne epidemic diseases on the Americas; in many cases, up to 90% of the pre-colombian population died

Answer 2

Great Dying

Question 3

The rise of states in West Africa, as depicted in the image, is best understood in the context of
A) political reactions to the crusading movement in Western Europe.
B) the diffusion of gunpowder technologies across sub-Saharan Africa.
C) the growing influence of Bantu concepts of political organization.
D) the spread of Islam across the Sahara by North African Berbers.

Answer 3

D) the spread of Islam across the Sahara by North African Berbers.

Question 4

Which of the following led the attack on the Aztec Empire?

Answer 4

Hernán Cortés

Question 5

Which of the following was a reason that Portugal, Spain, France, and Britain were the first to expand into the New World?

Answer 5

They were on the Atlantic coast and were closer to the Americas.

Question 6

Which of the following contributed to the Great Dying in the Americas?

Answer 6

Native Americans’ lack of immunity to Eurasian diseases

Question 7

Why did some Native Americans aid the Spanish in their initial invasion of the New World?

Answer 7

To gain an advantage against their own enemies

Question 8

Which of the following describes what happened to the native populations of the steppes and Siberia as a consequence of Russian imperial expansion?

Answer 8

Assimilation

Question 9

Which of the following policies contributed to the growth of Hindu opposition to Mughal rule by the late seventeenth century?

Answer 9

Reinstatement of the jizya

Question 10

Major Islamic state of West Africa that formed in the second half of the fifteenth century.

Answer 10

Songhay Empire

Question 11

Which of the following most directly led to the trade routes depicted on the atlas above?
A) Technological innovations sponsored by the kings of Mali
B) The importing of pack animals from the Arabian Peninsula
C) The increasing demand for imported gold in the markets of West Africa
D) The arrival of silk as the primary luxury item of trade

Answer 11

B) The importing of pack animals from the Arabian Peninsula

Question 12

How did many Native Americans in Mesoamerica and Peru respond to Spanish missionaries’ efforts to convert them to Catholicism?

Answer 12

They blended their old customs into Catholic practices.

Question 13

The most famous emperor of India’s Mughal Empire (r. 1556–1605); his policies are noted for their efforts at religious tolerance and inclusion.

Answer 13

Akbar

Question 14

A successful state founded by Muslim Turkic-speaking peoples who invaded India and provided a rare period of relative political unity (1526–1707); their rule was noted for efforts to create partnerships between Hindus and Muslims.

Answer 14

Mughal Empire

Question 15

What contributed to higher literacy rates in the British colonies in North America than in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America?

Answer 15

Protestantism, which was practiced by most British colonists, encouraged reading the Bible for oneself.

Question 16

Which of the following highlights the intersection between the Little Ice Age and the phenomenon scholars term the General Crisis?

Answer 16

Climatic changes exacerbated conditions that led to popular unrest.

Question 17

major Islamic state centered on Antolia that came to include the Balkans, parts of Middle East, and much of North Africa; lasted in one form or another from the 14th - 20th century

Answer 17

ottoman Empire

Question 18

Based on the map and your knowledge of world history, which of the following statements about Dar al-Islam in the sixteenth century is true?
A) Islam expanded along the path of major trade networks.
B) There were more Muslims living outside of established empires than within them.
C) The Crusades had largely reduced the growth and influence of Islam.
D) Islamic caliphates traded largely between themselves rather than with non-Muslim states.

Answer 18

A) Islam expanded along the path of major trade networks.

Question 19

The near cold winters experienced in much of China, Europe, and North America in the mid-seventeeth century, sparked by the Little Ice Age; extreme weather conditions led to famines, uprisings, and wars

Answer 19

General Crisis

Question 20

The enormous network of transatlantic communication, migration, trade and the transfer of diseases, plants, and animals that began nin the period of european exploration and colonization of the Americas

Answer 20

Colombian Exchange

Question 21

Spanish Conquistador who led he expidition that conquered the Axtec Empire in modern Mexico

Answer 21

Hernan Cortez

Question 22

How was the formation of the states shown in the map above most different from the formation of states in the periods before 1450?
A) The states above had the benefit of being unified by powerful religious ideologies.
B) These states developed powerful bureaucracies to centralize political power.
C) The states above were able to marshal resources to form professional armies.
D) These states expanded with the help of gunpowder and firearms.

Answer 22

D) These states expanded with the help of gunpowder and firearms.

Question 23

A deragatory term commonly used to describe people of mixed African and European origin.

Answer 23

mulatto

Question 24

What effect did the expansion of the empires shown on the map have on emerging kingdoms in Iberia in the late fifteenth century?
A) It made them less willing to establish political authority based on religious beliefs.
B) It drove them to seek alternate maritime commercial routes to the Indian Ocean region.
C) It drove them to find sources of raw material for their industrial production.
D) It motivated them to militarily wrest Jerusalem from the Muslim world.

Answer 24

B) It drove them to seek alternate maritime commercial routes to the Indian Ocean region.

Question 25

Tribute that Russian rulers demanded from the Indigenous peoples of Siberia, most ooften in the form of furs.

Answer 25

Yasak

Question 26

Which of the following allowed the spread of disease in the Americas?

Answer 26

The effects of the Columbian exchange

Question 27

Which of the following distinguished the empires of Western Europe from other empires?

Answer 27

They conquered territories an ocean away from the imperial heartland.

Question 28

Based on the above passage and your knowledge of world history, what might have been a significant factor in Sataq Bughra Khan’s motive for changing belief systems?

A) To widen his access to expanding commercial networks
B) To drive a wedge between religion and political power in Turkestan
C) To bring wider discretion to his political power by reducing the limits of law
D) To win favor by aiding the Umayyad caliphate in its struggle against Crusaders

Answer 28

A) To widen his access to expanding commercial networks

Question 29

The economic theory that governments served their countries economic interests best by encouraging exports and accumulating bullion (precious medals such as silver and gold); helped fuel European colonalism

Answer 29

Mercantilism

Question 30

A term to describe the multiracial population of Spanish colonial societies in the Americas. Recently, the word has been criticized for being associated with colonialism and racial stratificaition

Answer 30

mestizo

Question 31

Which of the following was a reason Russia expanded beginning in the sixteenth century?

Answer 31

To secure its borders from attack

Question 32

Chinese Dynasty that succeeded the Yuan dynasty of the mongols, noted for its return to traditional Chinese ways and restoration of the land after the destructiveness of the Mongols.

Answer 32

Ming Dynasty

Question 33

A major cause of state rivalries among most of the states depicted on this map was
A) the struggle between them to dominate maritime trade routes.
B) the division of Islam into competing sects.
C) the Ottoman Empire making peace with the Christian Byzantine Empire.
D) their significant loss of land to Christian empires of Western Europe.

Answer 33

B) the division of Islam into competing sects.

Question 34

Imperial territories in which Europeans settled permanetly in substantial numbers. Examples includes British North America, Porteguese Brazil, Spanish Mexico, and Peru, Australia, New Zealand, Algeria and South Africa

Answer 34

Settler Colonies

Question 35

The growth of china during the 17th and 18th centuries into a Central Asian empire that added a small but important minority of non-chinese people to the empire’s population and essentially created the borders of contemporary China

Answer 35

Qing Expansion

Question 36

Which of the following is the best explanation for the creation of this text?
A) To give to posterity an outline of the general functioning of Mongol politics
B) To praise the loyalty of the deceased leader and his clan
C) To educate potential bureaucrats on their expected roles in the empire
D) To show that the khan’s authority was actually vested in local bureaucrats

Answer 36

B) To praise the loyalty of the deceased leader and his clan

Question 37

Which of the following describes slavery in Latin America?

Answer 37

Large-scale importation of new enslaved people continued into the nineteenth century.

Question 38

Major Turkic empire established in Persia in the early sixteenth century and notable for its efforts to convert its people to Shia Islam.

Answer 38

Safavid Empire

Question 39

An elite class of the Mughal Empire whose members controlled large tracts of land and collected taxes on behalf of the imperial court.

Answer 39

Zamindars

Question 40

A Christian state centered on Moscow that emerged from centuries of Mongol rule in 1480; by 1800, it had expanded into northern Asia and westward into the Baltics and Eastern Europe

Answer 40

Russian Empire

Question 41

The event described in the passage above is best understood in the context of what major transformation in the thirteenth century?
A) The establishment and unification of the Umayyad Islamic caliphate
B) The collapse of land-based trade routes
C) Islam’s development and eventual acceptance of Turkish polytheistic deities
D) The fragmentation of the Abbasid caliphate and its replacement by smaller Islamic entities

Answer 41

D) The fragmentation of the Abbasid caliphate and its replacement by smaller Islamic entities

Question 42

Which European country started to expand into what is now present-day Brazil?

Answer 42

Portugal

Question 43

Which of the following was an outcome of the establishment of European empires in the Americas?

Answer 43

The emergence of an Atlantic world connecting four continents

Question 44

Based on the passage above, which of the following is true about Mongol imperial expansion?
A) The Chinese did not resist their subjection to Mongol political rule.
B) Mongol bureaucrats were primarily made up of nomadic people.
C) The Mongols borrowed political practices and ideologies from conquered people.
D) The Mongols replaced local legal codes with their own written laws.

Answer 44

C) The Mongols borrowed political practices and ideologies from conquered people.

Question 45

A term that means “collecting or gathering”, it refers to the Ottoman empire’s practice of removing young boys from their christian subject’s and training them for service in the civil administration or in the elite Janissary infantry corps

Answer 45

Devshirme

Question 46

How did Russian political leaders and the educated typically define empire?

Answer 46

Bringing enlightenment to savages

Question 47

Which of the following policies reflects mercantilist thinking?

Answer 47

Accumulating precious metals

Question 48

Which of the following was a result of the Ottoman Empire’s policy toward the Christian population in southeastern Europe?

Answer 48

Christian communities enjoyed considerable autonomy over their own affairs.

Question 49

A major revolt of Native American peoples against Spanish colonial rule in late-seventeenth-century New Mexico.

Answer 49

Pueblo Revolt

Question 50

Which of the following describes a feature of Qing China’s policy toward its possessions in Central Asia?

Answer 50

Respect for the different cultures of the region

Question 51

In contrast to the Portuguese and Spanish colonists in Latin America, British colonists in North America

Answer 51

sought to escape rather than re-create European traditions in the Americas.

Question 52

Which of the following resulted from Russia’s westward expansion in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

Answer 52

A program of westernization in Russia

Question 53

Which of the following is an example of the Columbian exchange?

Answer 53

The introduction of corn and potatoes into the Afro-Eurasian diet

Question 54

Which of the following dominated the agricultural economy of the New England and middle Atlantic colonies in British North America?

Answer 54

Small-scale independent farmers working their own land

Question 55

Which of the following statements could a historian researching the thirteenth century most directly conclude from the atlas above?
A) The importance of cities for caravan trade
B) The dramatic inflation caused by an imbalance between imports and exports
C) The easing of cultural tensions brought about by commerce
D) The decline of Indian Ocean trade on Africa’s east coast

Answer 55

A) The importance of cities for caravan trade

Question 56

A period of unusually cool temperatures fromthe 13rth to 19th centuries, most prominatley in the Northern Hemisphere

Answer 56

Little Ice Age

Question 57

Based on the text and your knowledge of world history, in what way did Mongol political practices most differ from Chinese political practices?
A) The Chinese system allowed for mobility based on merit, but the Mongol system was more rigid and very difficult to alter.
B) Bureaucrats in the Mongol system were imbued with an official belief system, while no such belief system aided Chinese politics.
C) The Chinese system was highly centralized, but the Mongol system gave more power to regional administrators.
D) Mongol bureaucrats were appointed based on their loyalty, while in China they were appointed through academic achievement.

Answer 57

D) Mongol bureaucrats were appointed based on their loyalty, while in China they were appointed through academic achievement.

Question 58

In the conflict between the Islamic and Christian worlds, which event in the fifteenth century signaled that the Islamic world held the upper hand?

Answer 58

The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople

Question 59

Which of the following regions experienced the least racial mixing and was the least willing to recognize the offspring of interracial unions?

Answer 59

British North America