Multiple Choice Test - 11/14

Question 1

The near cold winters experienced in much of China, Europe, and North America in the mid-seventeeth century, sparked by the Little Ice Age; extreme weather conditions led to famines, uprisings, and wars

Answer 1

General Crisis

Question 2

The economic theory that governments served their countries economic interests best by encouraging exports and accumulating bullion (precious medals such as silver and gold); helped fuel European colonalism

Answer 2

Mercantilism

Question 3

A Christian state centered on Moscow that emerged from centuries of Mongol rule in 1480; by 1800, it had expanded into northern Asia and westward into the Baltics and Eastern Europe

Answer 3

Russian Empire

Question 4

The growth of china during the 17th and 18th centuries into a Central Asian empire that added a small but important minority of non-chinese people to the empire’s population and essentially created the borders of contemporary China

Answer 4

Qing Expansion

Question 5

Chinese Dynasty that succeeded the Yuan dynasty of the mongols, noted for its return to traditional Chinese ways and restoration of the land after the destructiveness of the Mongols.

Answer 5

Ming Dynasty

Question 6

A term that means “collecting or gathering”, it refers to the Ottoman empire’s practice of removing young boys from their christian subject’s and training them for service in the civil administration or in the elite Janissary infantry corps

Answer 6

Devshirme

Question 7

Imperial territories in which Europeans settled permanetly in substantial numbers. Examples includes British North America, Porteguese Brazil, Spanish Mexico, and Peru, Australia, New Zealand, Algeria and South Africa

Answer 7

Settler Colonies

Question 8

A period of unusually cool temperatures fromthe 13rth to 19th centuries, most prominatley in the Northern Hemisphere

Answer 8

Little Ice Age

Question 9

Tribute that Russian rulers demanded from the Indigenous peoples of Siberia, most ooften in the form of furs.

Answer 9

Yasak

Question 10

A term to describe the multiracial population of Spanish colonial societies in the Americas. Recently, the word has been criticized for being associated with colonialism and racial stratificaition

Answer 10

mestizo

Question 11

Spanish Conquistador who led he expidition that conquered the Axtec Empire in modern Mexico

Answer 11

Hernan Cortez

Question 12

Term used to describe the devastating demographic impact of European-borne epidemic diseases on the Americas; in many cases, up to 90% of the pre-colombian population died

Answer 12

Great Dying

Question 13

The enormous network of transatlantic communication, migration, trade and the transfer of diseases, plants, and animals that began nin the period of european exploration and colonization of the Americas

Answer 13

Colombian Exchange

Question 14

A deragatory term commonly used to describe people of mixed African and European origin.

Answer 14

mulatto

Question 15

major Islamic state centered on Antolia that came to include the Balkans, parts of Middle East, and much of North Africa; lasted in one form or another from the 14th - 20th century

Answer 15

ottoman Empire

Question 16

Major Turkic empire established in Persia in the early sixteenth century and notable for its efforts to convert its people to Shia Islam.

Answer 16

Safavid Empire

Question 17

A successful state founded by Muslim Turkic-speaking peoples who invaded India and provided a rare period of relative political unity (1526–1707); their rule was noted for efforts to create partnerships between Hindus and Muslims.

Answer 17

Mughal Empire

Question 18

An elite class of the Mughal Empire whose members controlled large tracts of land and collected taxes on behalf of the imperial court.

Answer 18

Zamindars

Question 19

The most famous emperor of India’s Mughal Empire (r. 1556–1605); his policies are noted for their efforts at religious tolerance and inclusion.

Answer 19

Akbar

Question 20

Mughal emperor (r. 1658–1707) who reversed his predecessors’ policies of religious tolerance and attempted to impose Islamic supremacy.

Answer 20

Aurangzeb

Question 21

Major Islamic state of West Africa that formed in the second half of the fifteenth century.

Answer 21

Songhay Empire