Test for Module 7 Flashcards
What are the possible genotypes of a person who can roll his tongue?
RR or Rr
The sex-linked allele for colorblindness is located on which chromosome(s)?
the X chromosome only
What are organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait said to be?
homozygous
An allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous for that allele
recessive allele
the observable expression of an organism’s genes
phenotype
What can a pedigree be used for?
to determine whether a trait is inherited; to show how a trait is passed from one generation to the next; to determine whether an allele is dominant or recessive
an organism that has been genetically altered by humans
genetically modified organism
When Gregor Mendel crossed true-breeding purple-flowered plants with true-breeding white-flowered plants, why were all the offspring purple?
the allele for purple-flowered plants is dominant
If two DNA samples showed an identical pattern and thickness of bands produced by electrophoresis, what can you say about the samples?
they both contained the same amount of DNA, they both contained DNA fragments of hte same size; they both contained the same DNA molecule
An allele that will determine phenotype if just one is present in the genotype
dominant allele
What principle states that during meiosis genes for different traits separate without influencing each other’s inheritance?
law of independent assortment
two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait
genotype
What is the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis called?
nondisjunction
an organism that carries one or more genes from a different species
transgenic organism
How many alleles does an autosome have?
two
recessive
an allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele
heterozygous
one of he allel
a cross between two individuals concentrating on two definable traits
dihybrid cross
For a given trait, how many alleles does have normal gamete have?
one
occurs when the alleles for both traits are expressed
codominance
inheritance pattern in which heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the phenotypes of the homozygotes
incomplete dominance
an enzyme that recognizes and cuts DNA only at a specific sequence of nucleotides
restriction enzyme
a cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait
monohybrid cross
