Test for Module 2 Flashcards
saturated fat
a lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms
What properties of water are a result of hydrogen bonding?
lower density of ice compared to liquid water; ability to dissolve many subtances, cohesion
Isotope
one of several forms of an element, each containing the same number of neutrons
What does the number 34 mean in sulfur-34?
the total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus
cohesion
an attractive force that holds molecules of the same substance together
A specific reactant an enzyme acts upon is called the ___
substrate
A solution with a pH of 5 is
acidic
Acids must have an ___.
acid group
Why does the temperature of deserts drop so much more at night that it does in towns near the ocean?
because of water’s heat capacity
The 20 amino acids vary only in their
side groups
In order to belong to the same element, two atoms must have the same number of ___.
protons
What two particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
protons and neutrons
What determines the properties of a protein?
type, number, and order of amino acids linked together
A covalent bond forms when
two atoms share a pair of electrons
What holds the two helixes in DNA together?
hydrogen bonding
What part of the nucleotide is responsible for the way DNA stores its information?
the nitrogenous (or nucleotide) base
isomers
two different molecules that have the same chemical formula
When an atom loses an electron, what happens?
it becomes a positively charged ion
___ is required to complete hydrolysis reactions
water
activation energy
the energy needed to get reactions started
An enzyme
lowers the activation energy of a reaction
A carbohydrate has the same ratio of H’s to O’s as ___
water (2:1)
Unsaturated means there is a least one
double bond between carbons
