Quarterly Test 3 Flashcards
An organism is a single-celled, prokaryotic autotroph that lives in extremely hot environments. To what domain does it belong?
domain Archae
What do most bacteria use for locomotion? What is their main mode of reproduction?
flagella; asexual reproduction
Name some pathogenic fungi
rusts, smuts, ergot of rye, cryphonectria parasitica, ophiostoma ulmi, synchytrium endobioticum, candida
What is the means of locomotion employed by the organisms in the phyla zooflagellates
flagella
What is the means of locomotion employed by the organisms in the phyla sarcodina
pseudopods
In vascular plants what are the two kinds of structures for the transport of water and nutrients?
xylem and phloem
a plant that produces flowers
belongs to angiosperms and is vascular
Explain how conjugation can significantly affect the growth of a population of bacteria, evn though conjugation does not result in offspring.
If the trait that is passed by the plasmid allows bacteria to survive when they otherwise would not, it will increase population.
Name the malady caused by ergot of rye
death
Name the difference between monocots and dicots in cotyledons.
monocots have one; dicots have two
A virus is not alive because it
cannot reproduce on its own
Name the malady caused by candida
thrush
What is the female reproductive organ of a flower?
carpel
Name the difference between monocots and dicots in the root system
fibrous in monocots and taproot in dicots
Name the difference between monocots and dicots in leaf veins.
they run parallel to midrib in monocots and branch from midrib in dicots
Name a form of mutualism in which fungi participate. Describe the relationship and job of each participant.
A lichen is a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and an alga. The alga produces food for both creatures via photosynthesis, and the fungus supports and protects the alga. Mycorrhizae are mutualistic relationships between a fungus’s mycelium and a plant’s root system. The mycelium takes nutrients from the root, while it collects minerals from the soil and gives it to the root.
Name pathogenic organisms from kingdom Protista
entamoeba histolytica, trypanosoma, balantidium coli, plasmodium, and toxoplasma
Why are bryophytes relatively small?
the plant must stay small because bryophytes have no vascular tissue
What is the dominant generation in the fern life cycle?
sporophyte generation
Name the malady caused by ophiostoma ulmi
dutch elm disease
What is the male reproductive organ of a flower?
stamen
How is a mushroom like an iceburg?
Typically we only see the fruiting body of a mushroom. Like an iceberg, that visible part is only a small fraction of the total mushroom, because the mycelium is the largest component of a mushroom
What type of tree has an abscission layer?
deciduous
Name the difference between monocots and dicots in flower parts
multiples of 3 in monocots; multiples of 4 or 5 in dicots
What type of life cycle do plants exhibit?
alternation of generations
What function do cotyledons perform before germination?
feed the embryo
An organism is a multicellular decomposer made of eukaryotic cells. To what domain and kingdom does it belong?
domain Eukarya and kingdom Fungi
Name the malady caused by rusts
crop damage
What is the means of locomotion employed by the organisms in the phyla ciliophora
cilia
What is the purpose of a fruit?
allows for dispersal of seeds away from the parent
What phylum contains fungi that do not have a known mode of sexual reproduction?
deuteromycota
Why is the bottom of a leaf typically a lighter shade of green than the top of the leaf?
the spongy mesophyll is typically on the underside of the leaf, and it is usually a lighter shade of green
Briefly describe conjugation in bacteria.
passes a trait from one bacterium to another via a small strand of DNA called a plasmid
What are the technical names of the three common bacterial shapes?
coccus, bacillus, spirillum
Meristematic tissue is made of undifferentiated cells. This means that the cells are relatively new, so
that portion of the plant is still growing
Name the difference between monocots and dicots in vascular bundles
they are scattered in stem in monocots and form a ring in stem in dicots
The ___ must be composed of living cells.
phloem
Name the malady caused by cryphonectria parasitica
chestnut blight
Name the malady caused by synchytrium endobioticum
potato wart
What is the dominant generation in the moss life cycle?
gametophyte generation
A plant that produces seed cones and pollen cones
belongs to gymnosperms and is vascular
nonseptate hyphae __ distinct cell walls but have distinct nuclei
do not have
Name the classification groups in the classification scheme used in this course in order.
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
