Quarterly Test 2 Flashcards
a genotype in which both alleles are identical
homozygous genotype
a genotype with two different alleles
heterozygous genotype
What are gametes produced in animal males called
sperm
If a plant cell needs energy for endocytosis, what does it use and where does the energy come from?
ATP supplies the energy of a plant cell needs for endocytosis
What change to the concept of macroevolution did Neo-Darwinism make?
muttion
What is the difference between a gamete and a normal cell?
A gamete is a haploid while a normal cell is diploid
What are the four stages of cellular respiration?
glycolysis, the link reaction, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
List (in order) all the stages of meiosis.
prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase i, prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, telophase II
Which state of cellular respiration produces the most energy?
the electron transport chain
How would an adherent to punctuated equilibrium explain the lack of intermediate links in the fossil record?
An adherent to punctuated equilibrium would say that since the transition from species to species takes such a short amount of time, there is virtually no chance of intermediate link being fossilized.
How is ATP made during fermentation?
from glycolysis without oxygen
If the homologous chromosomes of a tetrad fail to separate
half the gametes formed will have an extra chromosome and the other half will lack a chromosome
What are the two phases of protein synthesis?
transcription and translation
Is fermentation aerobic or anaerobic?
anaerobic
What are gametes produced in animal males called
eggs
Haploid is the number of
homologous pairs.
When one of the gamete fuses with a normal gamete during fertilization,
the offspring will have an abnormal number of chromosomes in its cells
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide and water
XY chromosome
male
Why is ATP better suited to provide the energy for cellular activities than glucose?
ATP stores just the right amount of energy to power cellular activities.
How do you find the haploid number?
Divide the diploid number by 2
How does the study of structural homology provide evidence against macroevolution?
the similar structures are determined by quite different genes
What happens during the translation phase of protein synthesis?
Translation occurs in the cytoplasm at a ribosome where amino acid carry tRNAs meet the mRNA to produce a protein
What does a restriction enzyme do?
a genetic “tool” used to cut DNA
What are the products of photosynthesis?
glucose and oxygen
What happens during the transcription phase of protein synthesis?
Transcription occurs in the nucleus and mRNA makes a negative image in order to copy a portion of DNA.
The only stage that does not require oxygen
glycolysis
XX chromsomes
female
List (in order) all the stages of meiosis.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
