test/digestive review

Question 1

give quick energy

Answer 1

carbohydrates

Question 2

made of amino acids

Answer 2

protein

Question 3

act as coenzymes

Answer 3

vitamins

Question 4

necessary for chemical reations

Answer 4

H2O

Question 5

also known as lipids

Answer 5

fats

Question 6

involved in metabolism

Answer 6

minerals

Question 7

important for stored energy

Answer 7

fats

Question 8

glycogen is an example

Answer 8

carbohydrates

Question 9

60% of food volume

Answer 9

H2O

Question 10

contains the most calories

Answer 10

fats

Question 11

bolus

Answer 11

ball of chewed food held together by saliva and mucus. formed in the mouth and transported through the esophagus to the stomach

Question 12

chyme

Answer 12

slightly acidic, liquified food. located in the stomach and formed from materials in the boluses that come to the stomach

Question 13

secretin

Answer 13

chemical containing bicarbonate ions that counteract the stomach acids. made by the pancreas, floating in alkaline fluid

Question 14

lipase

Answer 14

an enzyme that breaks down fat after bile emulsified it. made by pancreas

Question 15

parietal cells

Answer 15

cells in the stomach producing the chemical Hydrochloric Acid, which kills harmful bacteria on food

Question 16

chief cells

Answer 16

cells in the stomach which produce the enzyme pepsin, which breaks down proteins

Question 17

rectum

Answer 17

muscle used to defficate. as you get older deification becomes harder

Question 18

anus

Answer 18

opening that waste is excreted through. internal sphincter>involuntary smooth muscle. external sphincter> voluntary striated muscle

Question 19

basal metabolic rate

Answer 19

heat of body at rest

Question 20

total metabolic rate

Answer 20

total amount of kcal consumed to fuel daily activities. higher when young or physically active

Question 21

how long does food remain in the stomach

Answer 21

4 hours

Question 22

how long does food remain in the small intestine

Answer 22

10 hrs

Question 23

the most important organ of digestion

Answer 23

small intestine

Question 24

how long is the esophagus

Answer 24

10 inches

Question 25

substance in the stomach that works on infants’ milk

Answer 25

rennin

Question 26

how long does undigested food remain in the large intestine

Answer 26

4hrs

Question 27

the internal anal sphincter is composed of

Answer 27

smooth muscle

Question 28

which of the following statements is true about Peyers patches
a.) they kill bacteria. b.) they break down protein. c.) they consist of lymphatic tissue. d.) they release maltase

Answer 28

C

Question 29

emulsification is associated with the

Answer 29

liver

Question 30

which of the following is function of HCI?

a.) releases lipase. b.) kills bacteria. c.) breaks down carbohydrates. d.) releases tripsin

Answer 30

b

Question 31

the top of the stomach is called the

Answer 31

fundic region

Question 32

pepsin begins the digestion of

Answer 32

proteins

Question 33

the space between the lips and teeth are known as the

Answer 33

vestibule

Question 34

name the mouth enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

Answer 34

ptylin

Question 35

pancreatic enzymes travel along the pancreatic duct and empty into the

Answer 35

small intestine

Question 36

how long is the alimentary canal

Answer 36

30 feet

Question 37

Ryan has been complaining for some time about pain and bloating in his abdominal region. His mother suspects that he has a “nervous stomach”. what is the name of this digestive problem

Answer 37

colitis

Question 38

pat ran a fever at baseball practice, and felt tenderness in his lower right side. the coach took him to Nazareth Hospital’s ER. what did they diagnose

Answer 38

appendicitis

Question 39

larry experienced acid reflux and pain in his chest near his esophagus. his doctor recommended surgery to repair a slight tear

Answer 39

hiatal hernia

Question 40

tom paid the price for chewing sunflower seeds during baseball season. a few got located in the haustra. what is his condition?

Answer 40

diverticulitis

Question 41

marie was careless about disposing patient’s syringes at the hospital and was stuck. she later developed liver inflammation and permanent damage

Answer 41

hepatitis

Question 42

Slide 1:

a. )name this liver disorder
b. ) what is the function of this organ

Answer 42

cirrhosis of the liver

to purify poisons and produce bile for emulsification

Question 43

slide 2:
what does this gland produce
name the childhood virus which affects this gland

Answer 43

salivary amalase (ptylin) w/ clear watery liquid
mumps

Question 44

slide 3:
what condition is exhibited by the man on the slide
cause of symptoms

Answer 44

jaundice

bilirubin leaking into bloodstream (bile)

Question 45

slide 4:
name this hole in the stomach lining
what chemical caused this abnormality

Answer 45

ulcer

hydrochloric acid

Question 46

side 5:
name the organ containing this hardened piece of bile
what is the function of bile

Answer 46

gall bladder

to emulsify, physically break down fats into smaller pieces

Question 47

slide 6:
name this structure
what does this tooth part contain

Answer 47

the pulp

nerves, blood vessels, connective tissue

Question 48

slide 7:
function of this structure
what is the name of this structure

Answer 48

to help swallow

uvula

Question 49

slide8:
name this stomach region
what is this valve

Answer 49

cardiac region

pyloric sphincter

Question 50

side 9:
function of these microscopic parts
specific name for inner part

Answer 50

villi absorb nutrients from material in small intestine

lacteals

Question 51

slide 10:
name this digestive condition
what is the specific anatomical problem

Answer 51

hemorrhoids

swollen/broken rectal veins