test 9 Flashcards
what is a mole
the amount of substance contained in 6.022x10^23 particles
The number of carbon atoms in exactly 12g of carbon-12 or 6.022x10^23 is known as what?
Avogadro’s number
N(A)
Avogadro’s Number
the mass of one mole of any pure substance expressed in g/mol is called what?
molar mass
formulas that show the types of atoms involved, the exact composition of each molecule, and the arrangement of chemical bonds. informative, but difficult
structural formula
formulas that tell what elements are present and give the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the compound
empirical formulas
what does the law of definite composition state?
the ratio of elements in a compound is constant for every particle in that compound
the __ in front of the substances show how many atoms, molecules, and moles are involved
coefficient
what is key to stoichiometric calculations
the coefficients in balanced equations
conversions between substances in a reaction must be done in __
moles
why must conversions between substances in a reaction be done in moles?
because the balanced equation is based on moles, not mass
which type of problem is the most practical one presented in this chapter?
mass to mass conversion
a reactant that is used up before the others, preventing more products from forming is called
limiting reactant
the __ is the maximum amount of product that could be created from a given amount of reactant
theoretical yield
for industry which type of yield tends to be more important?
percent yield
