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Chemistry > test 5 > Flashcards

test 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

who mostly gets the credit for the development of the modern periodic table?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

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2
Q

who arranged the elements by their atomic masses?

A

Dobereiner
Newlands
Mendeleev

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3
Q

who 1st arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic numbers?

A

Moseley

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4
Q

a vertical column of elements that usually have similar physical and chemical properties due to their similar electron configuration

A

group or family

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5
Q

horizontal rows of elements

A

period or series

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6
Q

appears at the top left of the cell

A

atomic number

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7
Q

appears above the symbol

A

name

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8
Q

1, 2, or 3 letters that is the most prominent item in the cell

A

symbol

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9
Q

weighted average that’s always given in four significant digits.

A

atomic mass

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10
Q

The number and location of electrons in each occupied energy level in the neutral atom are listed below the atomic mass

A

electron structure by energy level

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11
Q

the distance from the center of an atom’s nucleus to its outermost electron

A

atomic radius

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12
Q

atomic radius_ from left to right and _ from top to bottom

A

decrease, increase

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13
Q

positive ions that are _ than their parent atoms because they have fewer electrons

A

cations, smaller

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14
Q

what type of atoms form cations easiest

A

metals

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15
Q

for a single neutral atom in the gaseous state the minimum energy required to remove the first electron from its outermost shell to make it a cation

A

first ionization energy

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16
Q

the amount of energy required to add an electron to a neutral atom to form a negative ion, or anion

A

electron affinity

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17
Q

what are atoms that have lost or gained electrons?

A

ions

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18
Q

what is the measure of the attraction between the nucleus and valence electrons?

A

electronegativity

19
Q

what is the lightest element and the most abundant in the entire universe?

A

hydrogen

20
Q

what is the most abundant alkali metal?

A

sodium

21
Q

the group 2 (2a) metals which contain 2 valence electrons

A

alkaline-earth metals

22
Q

_compounds are the basis for life

A

carbon

23
Q

describe oxygen

A

gas that form about 21% of the earth’s atmosphere. it is slightly soluble in water and is the most abundant element by mass in the earth’s crust

24
Q

halogens form_ when combined with metals

A

salts

25
Q

why are noble gases called noble gases?

A

they do not react with other elements except under unusual conditions of pressure and temperature

26
Q

which elements conduct heat and electricity well and are usually malleable?

A

metals

27
Q

which elements are usually gases or soft, crumbly solids

A

non metals

28
Q

metals such as zinc, calcium, and iron combine with sulfur to form

A

sulfides

29
Q

oxygen combines with other elements to form

A

oxides

30
Q

where are alkali metals

A

group one
period 2 and down
(group one excluding hydrogen)

31
Q

where are alkaline earth metals

A

all of group 2

32
Q

where are transition metals

A

groups 3-12 excluding the last element in both group 11 and 12

33
Q

where is the boron family

A

group 13 excluding the last element

34
Q

where is the carbon family

A

group 14 excluding the last element

35
Q

where is the nitrogen family

A

group 15 excluding the last element

36
Q

where is the oxygen family

A

group 16 excluding the last element

37
Q

where are the halogens

A

group 17 excluding the last element

38
Q

where are the noble gases

A

group 18 excluding the last element

39
Q

how many electrons are in helium’s outer shell

A

2

40
Q

members of the halogens

A 
fluorine 
chlorine
bromine
iodine
astatine
41
Q

members of the noble gases

A 
helium
neon
argon
krypton
xenon
radon
42
Q

members of the alkali metals

A 
lithium
sodium
potassium
rubidium
cesium
francium
43
Q

members of the alkaline earth metals

A 
beryllium
magnesium
calcium
strontium
barium
radium
44
Q

define noble gases

A

Group 18 (8A) elements. They have full outer energy levels making them very stable and essentially inert.

Chemistry (32 decks)

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